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However may I be allowed to bring up the following points: (1) Test aspirataon for blood through such small needles is in my opinion unrehable and the injection of the entire volume of solution in one spot increases the danger of intravascular injection. On the other hand, to insist on obtaining paraesthesias and "freezing" the needle in position as soon as these are obtained would seem to protect against this. (2) As emphasized by Sir Robert Macintosh in his book Physics ~or the Anaesthetist, much pressure is needed to force solutions through small gauge needles. This makes a smaller Lock syringe with finger rings mandatory. Reloading the syringe twice will tend to disturb the position of the needle. (3) Of course, the authors do not mean that the concentration of epinephrine in the average volume of ~M.5 cc. is 1:2,000. Otherwise how do they keep the top of the patient's head from blowing right off. Yours respectfully,