No abstract

SUMMARY: Some dental treatments that are performed in the mandibular teeth involve manipulation of anatomical structures near the dental periapex, so it is likely to cause nerve damage due to the proximity of the inferior alveolar nerve with the apices of the mandibular teeth, mainly in the molar area. The aim of this study was to determine through Computed Tomography (CT) scan the existing distance between the mandibular canal and the anatomical structures adjacent to its path which will help to reduce the risk of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve during the different dental treatments developed in this zone. A cross-sectional study was performed where the study population consisted of 50 patients of both sexes, between 20 and 30 years with a full dentition mandible. Patients underwent a CT study of the mandible with coronal planes at 1.5 mm, the right side and the left side of each jaw were considered for the analysis and millimetric measuring was held of the distances of the mandibular canal (MC) from different anatomical structures. Subsequently, a statistical analysis was performed to obtain the mean and standard deviation of the distances between the mandibular canal and some adjacent anatomical structures. The distance from the alveolar nerve canal to the apex of the lower third molar in average was 1.49 mm on the right side and 1.69 mm on the left side, the distance between the mandibular canal and lingual cortical at the lower first molar level on average was 3.54 mm on the right side and 4.02 mm on the left side and the distance between the lingual cortical at the second molar level was on average 2.86 mm on the right side and 3.6 mm on the left side.

HERNÁNDEZ, R. M. P.; SÁNCHEZ, T. B.; DE LA FUENTE, H. J.; VILLANUEVA, V. M. C.; DÍAZ, A. J. A.; VILAR, P. G. & TENORIO, R. F. Análisis de patrones de cierre velofaríngeo en pacientes con labio y paladar hendido. Int. J. Odontostomat., 9(3):385-391, 2015.RESUMEN: El objetivo fue identificar los patrones de Cierre Velofaríngeo (CVF) en pacientes con Paladar Hendido (PH) y Labio y Paladar Hendido (LPH) que acuden a la Clínica de Atención Integral de Pacientes con Labio y Paladar Hendido (CAIPLPH) de la Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León (ENES, León). Estudio transversal, con una muestra por conveniencia de 79 pacientes entre 4 y 10 años de edad. Las variables incluidas fueron el patrón de CVF, tipo de hendidura, edad del paciente y el antecedente de intervención quirúrgica previa para el cierre de la hendidura palatina. A los pacientes se les realizó valoración clínica y nasofibroscopía por examinadores previamente estandarizados para conocer si existe una relación entre edad y patrón de CVF, entre el tipo de hendidura y patrón de CVF y una relación entre el patrón de CVF y el antecedente quirúrgico, utilizando una prueba bivariada de Chi cuadrada. Se examinaron 46 hombres y 33 mujeres con una media de edad 6,6 años. La frecuencia de los patrones de CVF fueron coronal 8,86%, sagital 67,08%, circular 13,92% y circular con rodete de Passavant 10,12%. Se observó una diferencia estadística significativa entre el patrón de CVF y el tipo de hendidura (X 2 = 53,93, p<0,001). Las diferentes formas en que se pueden presentar las hendiduras de paladar y labiopalatinas influyen en la función del CVF ya que se puede presentar un patrón distinto en cada caso. El patrón de CVF no se ve afectado por la edad ni por el antecedente quirúrgico de cierre de la hendidura palatina. PALABRAS CLAVE: insuficiencia velofaríngea, paladar hendido, labio y paladar hendido. HERNÁNDEZ, R. M. P.; SÁNCHEZ, T. B.; DE LA FUENTE, H. J.; VILLANUEVA, V. M. C.; DÍAZ, A. J. A.; VILAR, P. G. & TENORIO, R. F. Análisis de patrones de cierre velofaríngeo en pacientes con labio y paladar hendido. Int. J. Odontostomat., 9(3):385-391, 2015.

Osteolipoma is a histologic variant of lipoma characterized by bone formation, which rarely occurs in the oral cavity. This condition usually is easily recognized by microscopic examination and it has a good prognosis. However, this lesion may occur in different sites of the oral cavity and may present different clinical aspects, being a diagnostic challenge at the time of clinical examination. The aims of this article are to report a case of osteo- lipoma located in the buccal aspect of the posterior maxilla and discuss the main clinical and histological findings of this rare oral lesion. A 46-year-old woman presented with a painless mass of about 2 cm in the vestibular portion of the posterior maxilla. The lesion had a hard consistency and color similar to adjacent mucosa. Imaging findings revealed a well-defined and circumscribed hypodense lesion with hyperdense areas. The histopa- thological examination showed mature adipose tissue among trabeculae of vital lamellar bone, which was consistent with the diagnosis of osteolipoma. No signs of recurrence were observed after 3 years of follow-up.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process that affects the arteries of different vascular beds. The most common site is the origin of the internal carotid. It is estimated that 50% of strokes are caused by atherosclerotic plaques. Panoramic radiographs are routine and inexpensive radiographic studies that allow us to observe flatly dental structures, maxillary and mandibular. Friendlander in 1981 published for the first time the possibility of identifying through panoramic radiographs atherosclerotic plaques calcified at this bifurcation giving importance of this study the opportunity for early detection of this disease.Objective: To determine the prevalence of carotid calcifications in 316 patients admitted to clinic admission of the Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).Results: Consistent findings were obtained with atheroma calcified carotid in 7 patients with which it is concluded on the importance of training of imaging diagnosis undergraduates for early diagnosis and prevention of stroke in patients at risk of stroke.