By analyzing vesicle fluids and crusted scabs from 136 persons with suspected monkeypox, we identified 51 cases of monkeypox by PCR, sequenced the hemagglutinin gene, and confirmed 94% of cases by virus culture. PCR demonstrated chickenpox in 61 patients. Coinfection with both viruses was found in 1 additional patient.
Background
In 2018, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) declared its 9th and 10th Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) outbreaks, in the Equateur province (end: July 2018), and in the eastern provinces including North Kivu (end: June 2020). The DRC Ministry of Health deployed the rVSV-vectored glycoprotein (VSV-EBOV) vaccine in response during both outbreaks.
Methods
A cohort of vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals from the Equateur province were enrolled and followed prospectively for 6 months. Among participants included in this analysis, 505 were vaccinated and 1,418 were unvaccinated. Differences in transmission behaviors pre- and post- outbreak were identified, along with associations between behaviors and vaccination.
Results
There was an overall increase in the proportion of both unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals in Mbandaka who participated in risky activities post-outbreak. Travel outside of the province pre-outbreak was associated with vaccination. Post-outbreak, vaccinated individuals were less likely to participate in funeral traditions than unvaccinated individuals.
Conclusion
A net increase in activities considered high risk was observed in both groups despite significant efforts to inform the population of risky behaviors. The absence of a reduction in transmission behavior post-outbreak should be considered for improving future behavior change campaigns in order to prevent recurrent outbreaks.
En République Démocratique du Congo (RDC), plusieurs épidémies de la grippe restent méconnues car confondues à d'autres pathologies infectieuses avec lesquelles elle partage la même symptomatologie. L'objet de cette étude était de faire l'état de lieu des épidémies de grippe rapportée en RDC avant 2008, l'année de la mise en place de la surveillance de la grippe en RDC. Nous avons recherché tous les documents (articles, rapport,…) ayant rapporté une épidémie de grippe ou d'infection respiratoires aigues (IRA) en RDC avant 2008 en utilisant des mots clés choisis. Pour chaque rapport retrouvé, les éléments de description d'épidémie ont été recherchés et analysés. Quatre documents ont été retrouvés dont aucun article publié. Les sites des épidémies rapportées étaient les Zones de santé rurales de Koshibanda et Kahemba dans le Bandundu (1995 et 2007), de Bosobolo à l'Equateur (2002) et de Kinshasa (2002-2003). Les taux d'attaque et de létalité étaient respectivement de 3.9% et 16% à Koshibanda ; de 0.1% et 2% à Kinshasa ; de 47.5 % et 1.5% à Bosobolo et de 14.6 % et 2.9% à Kahemba. Les enfants de moins de 5 ans étaient les plus touchés. Leurs taux d'attaque variaient entre 22.6 et 57.7% et les taux de létalité entre 3.2 et 3.7%. Les deux épidémies de Bosobolo et de Kinshasa étaient associées au virus influenza H3N2.Cette revue montre une grande morbi-mortalité des rares épidémies de grippe rapportées en RDC.
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