Less than half of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions remain in the atmosphere. While carbon balance models imply large carbon uptake in tropical forests, direct on-the-ground observations are still lacking in Southeast Asia. Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha−1 per year (95% CI 0.14–0.72, mean period 1988–2010) in above-ground live biomass carbon. These results closely match those from African and Amazonian plot networks, suggesting that the world’s remaining intact tropical forests are now en masse out-of-equilibrium. Although both pan-tropical and long-term, the sink in remaining intact forests appears vulnerable to climate and land use changes. Across Borneo the 1997–1998 El Niño drought temporarily halted the carbon sink by increasing tree mortality, while fragmentation persistently offset the sink and turned many edge-affected forests into a carbon source to the atmosphere.

Rice is a staple food for Indonesians. Therefore, awareness of the nutritive value and the health benefit of rice is of vital importance. This study was conducted with the objective to evaluate the nutritional value, functional properties of rice, blood glucose response and glycemic index of the North and East Borneo native rice, such as the Red Mayas (RM), white Mayas (WM), red Adan (RA), white Adan (WA), and black Adan (BA). Proximate levels (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, ash, and water) in BA, WA, RM, WM, and RA are generally different from the highest levels of protein, fat, calories in BA rice. The highest insoluble dietary fiber in BA was 0.91g/100 g and the lowest is RA. The iron content in WA is 3-5 times higher than other local rice 14.48 mmg/100 g. The highest content of vitamin B1 (thiamine) indicated by RA is 0.38 mg/100 g, while the lowest is WA, which is 0.17 mg/100 g. Thus, the highest amylopectin and amylose content is RA, which is 69.09 g/100 g. Longer glucose is stored in the blood, namely BA and the five types of local rice in East and North Borneo, which show a high glycemic index.

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The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha −1 year −1 (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) above-ground live biomass", rather than the correct "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha −1 year −1 (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) in above-ground live biomass carbon". This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.