Background -Canine demodicosis is a common disease in small animal practice. Although a number of studies evaluating treatment efficacy for canine demodicosis have used clinical scoring systems, none have been validated.Objectives -This study evaluated the validity, reliability, reproducibility and sensitivity to change of a clinical scoring system for canine demodicosis.Methods and materials -Fifty-eight dogs with generalised demodicosis were evaluated using a clinical scoring system that assessed erythema, comedones/ papules/pustules, follicular casts/scales/crusts and alopecia, rated from none to mild, moderate and severe in 36 body locations. Two evaluators scored lesions at monthly consecutive visits during treatment. Mites were counted to a maximum of 50 in four deep skin scrapings. With >50 mites, the approximate mite number was calculated with the help of a grid drawn onto the slide before placing the scraped material onto it.Results -A Pearson correlation coefficient showed a high interobserver reliability (r = 0.97) between two different clinicians evaluating the same dog. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed good sensitivity to change with a reduction of clinical scores with each of the first six evaluations (P < 0.0001). A linear mixed model also showed a clear reduction in mite counts (P < 0.001) and clinical scores (P < 0.0001) from the first evaluation with time. Conclusion and clinical relevance -The clinical scoring system for canine demodicosis evaluated in this study showed a good sensitivity to change and interobserver reliability, and can be used in studies evaluating canine demodicosis.
A cutaneous infection with Alternaria spp. was diagnosed in a 2-year-old male intact Irish setter dog, presenting with multifocal papules, plaques and ulcerations involving all four distal limbs, shoulder blades, scrotum, pinnae and nasal mucous membranes. The dog had been treated for inflammatory bowel disease and lymphangiectasia with immunosuppressive doses of cyclosporine and prednisolone for approximately 3 months. The diagnosis was based on clinical signs, the demonstration of fungal elements within skin biopsies, deep fungal culture and fungal PCR from a formalin-fixed tissue specimen. Complete clinical remission was achieved by tapering and cessation of the immunosuppressive medication, treatment with cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAPP) and topical enilconazole within 8 weeks.
ZusammenfassungEin 4-jähriger Königspython wurde 3 Wochen nach Bissverletzungen durch eine Ratte mit großflächigen Hautläsionen und einer bakteriellen Pyodermie mit Anzeichen einer Sepsis und neurologischen Sym -ptomen vorgestellt. Die betroffene Haut löste sich von der Muskulatur, wodurch Teile des Muskelgewebes frei lagen. Klinische und zytolo -gische Untersuchung ergaben eine bakterielle Pyodermie. Sepsisverdacht bestand aufgrund der klinischen Symptomatik. Die empirische Behandlung mit Lincomycin und Marbofloxacin (Befund der bakteriologischen Untersuchung waren multiresistente Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, sensibel gegenüber Fluorchinolonen) verbesserte das All-gemeinbefinden und die Hautläsionen demarkierten sich zu Brand-schorf mit intrazellulären stäbchenförmigen Bakterien. Eine weiterfüh-rende Diagnostik konnte kostenbedingt nicht durchgeführt werden und die Euthanasie des Tieres wurde erwogen. Im Verlauf von 4 Wochen erfolgte sechsmalig eine Behandlung mit Kaltplasma (cold atmospheric pressure plasma, CAPP). Innerhalb einer Woche verbesserten sich die Entzündungssymptome. Die Reepithelisierung war wenige Wochen später abgeschlossen. Drei Häutungen im Folgejahr verliefen ohne Anzeichen von Dysecdysis. CAPP könnte bei Schlangen mit bak-teriellen Pyodermien (insbesondere mit resistenten Keimen) und Hautnekrosen eine nützliche Behandlungsoption darstellen.
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