Post-processing analysis can provide valuable information for diagnosis and planning of orbital disorders. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the reliability of semi-automatic, orbital fat volumetry using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two observers assessed the orbital fat volume using a standard MRI protocol (3T, T1w sequence) in 12 orbits diagnosed with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) and 10 healthy control orbits. MRI and computed tomography (CT) based analysis were compared. Intra-observer variability was good (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.70, 0.95]) and interobserver agreement was moderate (ICC 0.55; 95% CI [À0.09, 0.81]), which corresponds to a mean percentage difference of 1.3% and 17.9% of the total orbital fat volume. Mean differences between MRI and CT measurements were, respectively, 1.1 cm 3 (P= 0.064, 95% CI [À0.20, 2.43]) and 1.4 cm 3 (P=0.016, 95% CI [0.21, 2.56]) for the control and the GO group. MRI volumetry was strongly correlated with CT (Pearson's r= 0.7, P<0.001). We conclude that orbital fat volumetry is feasible with a semi-automatic segmentation procedure and standard MRI protocol. Correlation with CT volumetry is good, but considerable bias may derive from observer variability and these errors should be taken into account for the purpose of volumetric analysis. Better definition of error sources may increase measurement accuracy.

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Neurolymphomatosis represents a peripheral lymphomatous neural infiltration and is a relatively rare condition. Histopathologically, most patients are demonstrated to have non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A 27-year-old man with a history of HLA-B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was referred for the investigation of a severe neuropathic pain radiating down his right hip and posterior thigh for 1 month. This report describes the diagnosis and therapy response assessment in a relapsing aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma on an F-FDG PET scan.

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