Developing scientific reasoning (SR) is a central goal of science-teacher education worldwide. On a fine-grained level, SR competency can be subdivided into at least six skills: formulating research questions, generating hypotheses, planning experiments, observing and measuring, preparing data for analysis, and drawing conclusions. In a study focusing on preservice chemistry teachers, an organic chemistry lab course was redesigned using problem-solving experiments and SR video lessons to foster SR skills. To evaluate the intervention, a self-assessment questionnaire was developed, and a performance-based instrument involving an experimental problem-solving task was adapted to the target group of undergraduates. The treatment was evaluated in a pre-post design with control group (cook-book experiments, no SR video lessons) and alternative treatment group (problem-solving experiments, unrelated video lessons). Interrater reliability was excellent (ρ from 0.915 to 1.000; ICC (A1)). Data analysis shows that the adapted instrument is suitable for university students. First insights from the pilot study indicate that the cook-book lab (control group) only fosters students’ skill in observing and measuring, while both treatment groups show an increase in generating hypotheses and planning experiments. No pretest-posttest differences were found in self-assessed SR skills in the treatment groups. Instruments and data are presented and discussed.
Chemischen Laborpraktika in der universitären Lehre mangelt es i. d. R. an Lerngelegenheiten zur naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisgewinnung. An der Technischen Universität Braunschweig wurden deshalb in einem organisch‐chemischen Grundpraktikum für Lehramtsstudierende acht von 25 Versuchen zu geöffneten Experimenten umgestaltet und unter Einsatz von Scaffolding‐Maßnahmen implementiert. Im Artikel werden Leitlinien für die Öffnung präsentiert, die bei der erkenntnisgewinnungsorientierten Umgestaltung von Versuchen für naturwissenschaftliche Praktika genutzt werden können. Exemplarisch werden die Leitlinien anhand der Gegenüberstellung einer kochrezeptartigen Vorschrift und ihrer geöffneten Alternative aufgezeigt. Erste Ergebnisse der Pilotierung des Praktikums zeigen, dass mit den geöffneten Vorschriften Erkenntnisgewinnungskompetenzen der Studierenden gefördert werden können.
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