SummaryPomological characterisation of pears of the so-called "Lubenicarka" (watermelon pear) group has been based on three genotypes identified in numerous vegetative progeny as part of the native assortment of Bosnia and Herzegovina. "Krupna Lubenicarka" (common watermelon pear) variety was recommended for the expansion of production at the beginning of the XX century, and there were two more genotypes ("Crna Lubenicarka" (black watermelon pear) and "Bijela Lubenicarka" (white watermelon pear)) that were listed under the common name of "Lubenicarka". The research results show that "Krupna Lubenicarka" variety has vegetative progeny characterised by stable pomological features which clearly and reliably determine this variety. "Crna" and "Bijela Lubenicarka" genotypes are characterised by certain pomological distinctions that clearly make them different, but also by some similarities, whose variability raises up the question of their reliable pomological and genetic characterisation. Morphometric analyses of the fruit and leaf of "Krupna Lubenicarka" variety and "Crna" and "Bijela Lubenicarka" genotypes represent their first pomological characterisation that can be adopted as a reliable foundation for collecting, further pomological studies and genetic characterisation.

Indigenous fruit varieties are the wealth and natural resource of every country. Their importance is reflected, in addition to economic and biological, through the growing consumer interest in consuming fruits produced without the use of chemicals. Proper and accurate identification and preservation of valuable assortment has resulted in studies of the physicochemical and pomological properties of the fruits of ten pear varieties and their comparison with standard varieties. The usable value of pear fruits is multiple. It is used for liqueurs, vinegar, fruit salads, jams, jam, as dried fruit. The aim of the study is to determine the pomological and chemical properties of indigenous pear varieties and their comparison with standard pear varieties grown in northern Bosnia. The size of the fruit was quite different in the tested varieties and ranged from very small to extremely large fruits with the content of total acids slightly lower than the standard varieties. The research was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Science as part of a scientific research project entitled "Investigation of phenological and pomological characteristics of indigenous pear varieties in north-eastern Bosnia".

Organic farming takes up more and more areas in agricultural production. It is based on the principles of preserving human and animal health and maintaining the balance in agrobiocenosis and therefore prohibits the use of a majority of water-soluble mineral fertilizers and phytopharmaceuticals of chemical origin (except those from the list of allowed products). In ecological farming of plums, optimization of fertilization is very important, which must comply with ecological principles and regulations which included fertilization with a relatively narrow range of allowed organic fertilizers (manure, compost, manure, slurry, peat, guano, sawdust) and mineral additives (calcium carbonate, crude phosphates, basic slag, raw potassium salt, potassium sulphate, gypsum, wood ash, calcium chloride, sodium chloride, etc.). Nutrition methods in organic plum production are different from nutrition in conventional production, primarily due to a limited selection of available fertilizers, and the most important difference is the inability to use water-soluble individual and complex fertilizers. It is precisely for this reason that in organic agriculture, the emphasis on maintaining humidity, optimum pH and soil moisture is considerably more important than necessary prerequisites for sufficient availability of nutrients in the soil.

In every country around the world, phytopathogenic fungi cause enormus economic damage. With the growth of the human population, the agricultural production has significantly increased in monoculture, which caused enlarged development of phytopathogenic fungi on crops, orchard et cetera. Over time phytopathogenic fungi developed resistance on standard agricultural agents. Because of this, it is necessary to find new ways in battle against these kinds of fungi.The experimental part of this paper covers usage of propolis solutions in battle against of the occurrence and development of phytopathogenic fungi Plasmoparaviticola and Taphrinadeformans in in vivo conditions on the grapevine (lat. Vitisvinifera) and peach (lat. Prunuspersica). The aim of the study is to determine, with all necessary measurements like pruning, fertilizing, irrigation, time of application of the solution and weather forecast,possibility ofusage propolis in influence on the occurrence and development of phytopathogenic fungi.In recent years, great efforts have been made to introduce natural disease control agents, such as propolis extract in alcohol and aqueous solution to reduce certain growth of phytopathogenic fungi in organic agriculture which can increase sustainable agricultural production.

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