No abstract

Physicians and other health care professionals should consider screening youth with diabetes for depressed mood in clinical settings, particularly youth with poor glycemic control, those with a history of frequent ED visits, males with type 2 diabetes, and females with comorbidities.

Objective: To examine the associations between demographic and diabetes management variables and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of youths with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Design: Cross-sectional study.

Objective To examine the longitudinal associations between sex, diabetes self-care and the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of children and adolescents with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. Study design The sample included 910 Type 1 and 241 Type 2 participants, ages 10–22 at baseline, from SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth, a longitudinal observational study. The primary outcome measure was the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Repeated measures, mixed model regression analysis was conducted using data from baseline and at least one follow-up assessment, spanning approximately 4 years. Results HRQL was higher among those with Type 1 versus Type 2 diabetes. Among Type 1 participants, higher (better) PedsQL total scores over time were related to higher parent education (p=0.0007), lower HbA1c values (p<.0001), and greater physical activity during the past 7 days (p=0.0001). There was a significant interaction between sex and age (p<0.0001); girls’ HRQL remained stable or decreased over time, whereas males’ HRQL increased. For participants with Type 2 diabetes, there was no significant interaction by age and sex, but lower total HRQL was related to being female (p=0.011) and higher BMI-z scores (p=0.014). Conclusions HRQL in this cohort varied by diabetes type. The interaction between sex and age for Type 1 participants, coupled with poorer HRQL among females than males with Type 2 diabetes, suggests the impacts of diabetes on HRQL differ by sex and should be considered in clinical management. Encouraging physical activity and weight control continue to be important in improving HRQL.

Objectives To examine prevalence of tobacco use and coexistence of cardiometabolic risk factors according to smoking status in youth with diabetes mellitus. Study design Youth aged 10 to 22 years who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study (n = 3466) were surveyed about their tobacco use and examined for cardiometabolic risk factors: waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, physical activity, and lipid profile. Results The prevalence of tobacco use in youth aged 10 to 14 years, 15 to 19 years, and ≥20 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 2.7%, 17.1%, and 34.0%, respectively, and the prevalence in youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5.5%, 16.4%, and 40.3%,respectively. Smoking was more likely in youth with annual family incomes <$50 000, regardless of diabetes mellitus type. Cigarette smoking was associated with higher odds of high triglyceride levels and physical inactivity in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Less than 50% of youth aged 10 to 14 years (52.2% of participants) reported having ever been counseled by their healthcare provider to not smoke or to stop smoking. Conclusions Tobacco use is prevalent in youth with diabetes mellitus. Aggressive tobacco prevention and cessation programs should be a high priority to prevent or delay the development of cardiovascular disease.