The working alliance across stages of time-limited psychodynamic treatment was investigated using an intensive case-analysis approach. Two White, male clients in their 20s were treated by the same therapist with process data obtained from the perspectives of client, therapist, and independent judge. As predicted, clients' perceptions of the working alliance increased, dropped, and then increased over the course of treatment. The implications of these results for a stage-process model of time-limited treatment and for future research are discussed.

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the current practice of group psychotherapy at university counseling centers. A group usage survey was developed and used to assess the current practice of group psychotherapy. Surveys were distributed to 232 counseling center directors, with 148 responding, yielding a return rate of 64%. The results of the study indicate that the typical group consists of 5-8 members, is co-led for 1.5 hr, and meets weekly in the late afternoon. Results include information about group screening, preparation, and other group factors. Although group therapy is a widely practiced therapeutic modality, it appears that it is not carrying enough of the burden of treatment delivery despite the widespread administrative constraints on treatment length and the concurrent high level of demand for services in university counseling centers. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

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