BackgroundIn Ethiopia, cervical cancer is a public health concern, as it is the second most cause of cancer deaths among reproductive age women and it affects the country’s most vulnerable groups like; rural, poor, and HIV-positive women. Despite the strong evidence that cervical cancer screening results in decreased mortality from this disease, its utilization remains low.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2 to April 1/2019 to assess the level and factors affecting utilization of cervical cancer screening among HIV positive women in Hawassa town. Quantitative data collection methods were used. Data were gathered using a structured and pretested questionnaire. Epi-Info version 7 and SPSS version 23 were used for data entry and analysis respectively. Statistically significant association of variables was determined based on Adjusted Odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval and p-value of ≤0.05.ResultsOf the 342 women interviewed, 40.1% (95% CI: 35.00, 45.33%) of them were screened. Having a post primary education (AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: 1.8, 14.5), less than 500 cell/mm3 CD4 count (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.9); duration since HIV diagnosis (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.1, 8.5), partner support (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.3, 9.4), having knowledge about risk factors (AOR = 2.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 6.9) and having favorable attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening (AOR = 3.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 7.5) were associated with cervical cancer screening utilization.ConclusionsThe study revealed utilization of cervical cancer screening service was low among HIV positive women. Educational status, duration of HIV diagnosis, partner support, knowledge status about risk factor, CD4 count and attitude towards cervical cancer and its screening were associated with cervical cancer screening utilization. Health care workers need to provide intensive counseling services for all ART care attendants to increase utilization.

Background: Nutrition in infancy and early childhood is a critical determinant of health outcomes and productivity of the individual throughout his/her life years. Thus, World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund recommend initiation of complementary foods at 6 months to ensure optimal child growth and development. In Ethiopia, compliance with infant and young child feeding recommendations is low despite its adoption of different international policies and guidelines. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of early initiation of complementary feeding among infants in Hawassa City, Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hawassa City, in January 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was applied to recruit 543 mothers who had infants aged 6 to 12 months. A structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. by six. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with the early initiation of complementary feeding. Adjusted odds ratio with corresponding 95% confidence interval was calculated to show the strength of association. Result: A total of 543 mothers/caregivers of infants were interviewed face to face, giving a response rate of 97%. Approximately 38% of mothers initiated complementary foods before six months of age. After adjusting for confounders, maternal employment status [AOR (95%CI): 4.72 (2.84, 7.87)] and postnatal care checkup [AOR (95%CI): 1.92 (1.24, 2.97)] were significantly associated with early initiation of complementary feeding. Conclusion: A high proportion of mothers initiated complementary feeding before six months of infant's age. Postnatal care checkup and mother’s occupational status were significantly associated with early initiation of complementary feeding. Thus, increasing the coverage of postnatal care utilization and creating mother-friendly workplaces for breastfeeding mothers is of paramount importance to realize appropriate complementary feeding practices.