Objectives: Insulin therapy is associated with skin-related complications, such as lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy (LH), edema, and allergy. Lipohypertrophy (LH) is the most common cutaneous complication of injectable insulin therapy in the treatment of diabetes. Our aim in this study was to evaluate skin-related complications in diabetic patients receiving insulin therapy. Methods: In this study, diabetic patients who were treated with insulin therapy in Endocrinology Department between 2015 and 2018 were evaluated. Observation and palpation technique was used in the evaluation of lipohypertrophy in diabetic subjects. The degree of lipohypertrophy was classified as follows: grade 0 = no change; grade 1 = visible hypertrophy of fat tissue but with normal consistency on palpation; grade 2 = intensive fat tissue thickening but with firm consistency; and grade 3 = lipoatrophy Results: A total of 204 diabetic participants (52, 5 % female) were evaluated. The number of patients using insulin for more than 10 years was 81 (39,7%). The 4-mm needle was used more commonly in the study (54, 4 %). The recommended injection sites are the abdomen, thigh, arm and buttocks. Overall, 55, 9 % of patients were injecting insulin in the area of abdomen and 40, 2 % were injecting insulin four times per day. The ratio of the patients who do not change needle tip for each injection was 43,6%. In addition, lipohypertrophy was seen in 61, 8 % of the 204 diabetics in the study and most patients were revealed to have grade 1 (35,3%). Lipoatrophy was seen in 5.6% of the patients. Of the cases diagnosed as lipohypertrophy, 56, 3 % were women and 43,7% were men. Females were significantly more likely to have LH than males were (P = 0.042). Conclusions: Increased prevelance of lipohypertrophy is an important complication of insulin therapy and clinicians must be aware of this complication. Disclosure B. Aydin Buyruk: None. N. Kebapci: None. G. Yorulmaz: None. E. Alaguney: None. A. Akalin: None. B. Efe: None.

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Background/aim: Hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia. Because of calcium's effects on parathyroid glands, bone, intestines, and kidneys, it has an important place in homeostasis. The results of studies regarding hyperparathyroidism hemostasis are conflicting. Thromboelastography helps to evaluate all steps of hemostatic system. Our aim in this study was to investigate the possible role of hemostatic mechanisms in the development of thrombosis in hyperparathyroid patients with the modified rotation thromboelastogram (ROTEM). Materials and methods: Twenty-two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and 20 healthy controls were involved. This study was conducted in Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Endocrinology and Hematology clinics for 2 years. The complete blood count, fibrinogen, D-dimer levels, prothrombin time, activated prothrombin time, and ROTEM parameters [clot formation time (CFT), clotting time (CT), and maximum clot formation (MCF)] were determined by two activated tests, INTEM and EXTEM analyses. A thromboelastographic evaluation was performed in the preoperative and postoperative (3 months after surgery) periods.Results: In INTEM assay, the CT (p = 0.012) and CFT (p = 0.07) values were increased in preoperative PHPT patients compared with the control group. Although there was a decrease in the postoperative CT and CFT values, no statistical difference was found. Conclusion:The prolongation of the CT and CFT values were consistent with a hypocoagulable state in patients with PHPT. Hyperparathyroidism causes a hypocoagulable state that can be successfully assessed by ROTEM. Hemostatic changes, do not seem to have an effect on increased cardiovascular mortality.

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