A social skills training procedure was developed to strengthen the communication and community survival skills of schizophrenics who were at risk for relapse. To evaluate the effectiveness often weeks of daily social skills training with three chronic schizophrenic patients a multiple baseline design was used across three different behavioral domains, with antipsychotic medication kept constant. Improvements in the patient's performance in each of the three areas of interpersonal activity occurred as a temporal function of the introduction of the training. Additional evidence for the effect of the training came from analyses of nonverbal components of assertiveness rated "blindly" from videotapes of role-played situations. All patients showed statistically significant improvements in their conversational skills in naturalistic, untrained situations around the hospital. Nurses' ratings of ward behavior and parents' ratings showed improvements for two of the three patients.

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Integrating the story of a young Freud’s racial trauma with a novel application of the concept of moral injury has led to a realization and conceptual formulation during the pandemic uprisings of the mental construct of Black Rage as an adaptation to oppression trauma. As formulated here, Black Rage exists in a specific dynamic equilibrium as a compromise formation that is a functional adaptation for oppressed people of color who suffer racial trauma and racial degradation, an adaptation that can be mobilized for the purpose of defense or psychic growth. Black Rage operates as a mental construct in a way analogous to the topographical model, in which mental agencies carry psychic functions. The concept of Black Rage is crucial to constructing a theoretical framework for a psychology of oppression and transgenerational transmission of trauma. Additionally, in the psychoanalytic theory on oppression suggested here, a developmental line is formulated for the adaptive function of Black Rage in promoting resilience in the face of oppression trauma for marginalized people.

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