Background: Soft tissue calcifications are most commonly seen in two-dimensional radiographs. Some may be physiological, and some may be pathological and need treatment. CBCT images provide valuable information about anatomic structures and pathologies. These soft tissue calcifications can be seen clearly in CBCT without superimposition and can be diagnosed appropriately. Aim and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the type and prevalence of calcifications found in CBCT volumes obtained for various diagnostic purposes. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of soft tissue and to find their anatomic location, size, and type as well as their relation to age and gender. Materials and Method: Three hundred full-skull CBCT volumes were retrieved retrospectively from the age-group of 9–75 yrs and were evaluated for calcifications. The study sample included CBCT volumes taken for all diagnostic purposes, and those which contained artifacts were excluded. Results: Of 300 CBCT volumes, 133 were females, and 167 were males. Among them, 446 calcifications were encountered in 177 individuals. Their distribution was pineal gland calcification (24.8%), tonsillolith (18%), choroid plexus calcification (24%), pulp stone (12.4%), calcified stylohyoid chain (8%), sialolith (4%), triticeous cartilage calcification (2%), phlebolith (3%), and extracranial carotid artery calcification (1%). Conclusion: Although most of the calcifications are asymptomatic and require no treatment, correct identification of these findings will reduce further diagnostic assessment and provide more appropriate treatment plans. It will also provide the ability to evaluate underlying diseases comprehensively, and practitioners will have life-saving information by early diagnosis.

Pemphigoid is a group of bullous diseases that have a diversified morphologic presentation and affects skin, oral mucosa and other mucosal membranes alone or in combination. In the literature, the condition has been subclassified into bullous pemphigoid and cicatricial pemphigoid (Mucous membrane pemphigoid) on the basis of primary organ of involvement.Oral pemphigoid, defined as cicatricial pemphigoid limited to the oral cavity, is a clinical subset of cicatricial pemphigoid. Like cicatricial pemphigoid, it occurs mostly in middle-aged women and it is uncommon in children under 20 years of age, with very few cases reported in the medical literature. We present a case of a 14-year-old girl with desquamative gingivitis as the only clinical presentation of this rare disease and lay emphasis on early recognition and clinical awareness.

Introduction: The relationship between soft palate length and nasopharyngeal depth can be used to determine the velopharyngeal dysfunction and is called Need's ratio. Need's ratio should be in a range of 0.6–0.7 in normal subjects. Any increase greater than 80% demonstrated a risk for developing velopharyngeal dysfunction. Aim: To assess the prevalence risk rate of obstructive sleep apnea using snoring, tiredness, observed apnea, blood pressure, body mass index, age, neck circumference, gender (STOP-BANG) questionnaire and to evaluate various parameters of the soft palate, pharyngeal depth, and determination of Need's ratio using CBCT. Materials and Method: In this prospective study, patients who reported for CBCT assessment in the age group ranging from 20 to 50 years were included. The sample size of the study was calculated to be 42. Furthermore, the patients were screened with the STOP- BANG questionnaire and shapes of the soft palate, velar length, width, and pharyngeal depth were obtained with the CBCT sections, and Need's ratio was calculated. Results: The collected data were analyzed with IBM. SPSS software 23.0. Based on the results of the STOP- BANG questionnaire, P value was found to be significant. Based on the CBCT parameters, the most common shape was the leaf-shaped soft palate. The velar length, width, and pharyngeal depth were found to be higher in males. Need's ratio was found to be increasing with an increase in age. A significant correlation of risk for OSA was established based on a comparison of questionnaire results with the results obtained from CBCT parameters with Need's ratio. Conclusion: CBCT is a static imaging technique, it can identify the anatomic risk factors for developing sleep apnea.