Purpose -The purpose of this paper was to find a successful treatment modality for patients suffering from temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis who could not be treated through traditional surgeries. Design/methodology/approach -This work integrated the unique capabilities of the imaging technique, the rapid prototyping (RP) technology and the advanced manufacturing technique to develop the customised TMJ implant. The patient specific TMJ implant was fabricated using the computed tomography scanned data and the fused deposition modeling of RP for the TMJ surgery.Findings -This approach showed good results in fabrication of the TMJ implant. Postoperatively, the patient experienced normalcy in the jaw movements. Practical implications -Advanced technologies helped to fabricate the customised TMJ implant. The advantage of this approach is that the physical RP model assisted in designing the final metallic implant. It also helped in the surgical planning and the rehearsals. Originality/value -This case report illustrates the benefits of imaging/computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing/RP to develop the customised implant and serve those patients who could not be treated in the traditional way.

Rapid prototyping (RP) is increasingly being used for solution of many problems associated with biomedical engineering. RP quickly delivers prototypes that are constructed in an additive, layer-by-layer process driven by three-dimensional computer aided design (CAD) data. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that surgery for acetabulum fracture can be significantly facilitated through the use of a method based on advanced imaging techniques and the RP technique. A case of complex acetabulum fracture was reported, and application of computed tomography (CT) images, CAD and RP were explored. Modelling of the fractured part helped in preplanning and simulating the surgery and saved surgery time. The method allowed feedback action at most steps of the surgery process, thus permitting an important time saving during surgery.

Introduction: Closed reduction of a diaphyseal forearm fracture, either radius or ulna, under haematoma block in the emergency department has been demonstrated to provide cost-effective, timely care. There has not been a considerable amount of research into the efficacy of haematoma or regional block and reducing such fracture types. This study describes the epidemiology and outcomes associated with closed reduction of the fractures of either radius or ulnar diaphysis under haematoma block in our hospital's emergency department for the age group 5-11yrs. Methods: All children (5-11yrs old) with either radius or ulnar diaphysis fractures presenting to our hospital's emergency between July 2019 and January 2020 were included in our study. Patients were followed up for 1year records were maintained to determine diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes. The rate of repeat intervention after successful reduction under haematoma block and rate of changes in management and the need for reduction under procedural sedation and further surgical intervention after morning case review rounds was calculated. Results: Closed reduction under haematoma block was performed on a total of 20 patients covering these fracture types during our study, with both bone forearm diaphyseal fractures (n = 14, 70%) comprising the majority of cases. A total of 4 cases (20%) lost alignment and required repeat intervention, consisting of 3 cases (15%) that required repeat surgery and 1 (5%) that required cast wedging. There was one case of malunion noted (5%). Conclusions: Closed reduction under haematoma block provides an alternative to general anaesthesia for many paediatric trauma injuries without compromising patient outcomes.

Background: Femoral shaft fractures are a common paediatric injury that can be treated in a variety of ways. We conduct a randomised trial to compare two operational strategies. Material and methods: From 2019 to 2021, we treat 26 patients with fracture shaft femur. The patients ranged in age from 4 to 12 years old, with 15 boys and 11 girls. 12 patients had left-sided injuries, whereas 14 had right-sided injuries. The first group of 13 patients (8 males and 5 females) were treated with titanium elastic nails (TENS), while the second group of 13 patients (7 males and 6 females) were treated with open reduction and internal fixation utilising thin plates. The clinical and radiological findings were evaluated using the Flynn etal (2001) scoring system at regular intervals (2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year). Results: Eight patients in the TENS group had outstanding results, while five others had good results with minor problems. With an average of 8.4 weeks, the union was completed (rang 6 -12 weeks). Seven patients in the plating group had great results, four had acceptable results with mild problems, and two patients had poor results, including re-fracture after metal removal, severe infection that healed after later metal removal and debridement, and severe infection reaching the bone. Union took an average of 9.6 weeks, ranging from 6 to 14 weeks. Conclusion: Pediatric femoral fractures can be treated using TENS, which is a simple, dependable, successful, and less invasive approach.

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