(Shield et .al. 1992)

Introduction: Malnutrition is a worldwide problem today. The main target of undernutrition is the preschooler, pregnant, and nursing mothers. It is estimated that about 170 million children "under-five" year of age, i.e., 30% of worlds children are malnourished in terms of being underweight, over 2/3 rd of these malnourished children belong to Asia. Aim: A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on the knowledge of mothers of 6-36-month children on malnutrition in selected Anganwadi of Indore. Materials and Methods: This was a community-based study compromising of 50 mothers purposively selected. Data were collected by administering structured knowledge questionnaire and after that planned teaching program and post-test was taken after 7 days. Results: The total mean of pre-test was 9.5. Most of the subject had 32 (64%) average knowledge and 5 (10%) subjects have good and only 13 (26%) belong to poor. After administration of planned teaching program regarding malnutrition, the total mean of post-test was 14.06. This shows that there is gain in knowledge. Most of the subject that is 7 (14%) average remaining respondent had good knowledge 43 (86%). The mean post-test knowledge is 14.06 which is higher than pretest 9.5, the actual gain of knowledge is 4.56 and computed't' value (t 50 = 15.39) is more than tabled value (t 50 = 1.671) at the level of 0.05 thus indicated highly significant difference. Conclusion: The finding of this study indicates that planned teaching program on malnutrition appears to be effective in improving knowledge and practice of mothers of 6-36-month children relating to feeding and caring behaviors. Increase in the knowledge definitely showed a positive effect on the health of the child.

Background: Club foot has been recognised as a one of the common birth defects. Most of these club foot babies present late to the club foot clinics due to limited knowledge of trained birth attendants about club foot deformity and late referral to receive effective treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a video assisted teaching program on knowledge regarding club foot. Materials and Methods: Total sample size was 50 BSc Nursing 3 rd year students and Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Data was collected by using a self-structured knowledge questionnaire. The data were tabulated using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Out of 50 BSc Nursing III year student in pretest, 27 (54%) had poor, 22(44%) had average and 1 (2%) had good knowledge score. Post test results revealed that no one (0%) had poor knowledge, 35(70%) scored average knowledge, 15 (30%) achieved good knowledge. Conclusion:The main outcome of the study was that the most of BSc Nursing III year students was having poor to average essential knowledge regarding club foot. The video assisted teaching program utilized in the study had been found to be an effective tool for significantly improving the students` knowledge.

Aim:The objectives of the study were. 1. To assess and compare the pre interventional knowledge on malnutrition among experimental and comparison group AWW. 2. To assess and compare the post interventional knowledge of malnutrition between experimental and comparison group of AWW. 3. To associate the pre interventional level of knowledge on malnutrition with selected demographic variable. Method: 130 AWWs from urban ICDS center of Agra were included as samples by purposive sampling. Data to assess the knowledge was collected by close-ended questionnaire with 50 items with maximum score of 50. The felt learning needs were assessed by open-ended questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaire was tested by test retest method and the tool was found to be reliable (r = 0.83). Validity was tested by consultation with guides and experts from related field. Results: Analysis showed that AWWs had total mean percentage of 53.2%. Area wise mean percentage was highest (68.0%) in the area 'assessment of malnutrition', it was higher (57.0%) in the area prevention of malnutrition, 41.0 in the area 'management of malnutrition' and 40.0 for the area 'factors related to malnutrition'. Further, most of the AWWs expressed felt learning needs in all areas of malnutrition. Power point presentation (PPT) was prepared focusing on areas and subareas where mean knowledge score was average or below average and also based on felt learning needs expressed by AWWs in the open-ended questionnaire. PPT was validated by consulting guides and experts from related field. Effectiveness of the module was evaluated by a post-test. Interpretation and conclusion: Total mean percentage of knowledge scores of AWWs improved from 53.2% to 97.6%. Further, area wise knowledge mean percentage improved from 40.0% in pre-test to 94.0% in post-test in the area ' factors related to malnutrition'. The same increased from 57.0% to 97.3% for the area prevention of malnutrition. The mean percentage for the area 'management of malnutrition' was 41.0% in pre-test which increased to 99.0% in post-test and mean percentage of the area 'assessment of malnutrition' was 68.0% in pre-test whereas it was 100.0% in post-test. Paired't' test indicated very highly significant (P> 0.001) difference between the pretest and post-test knowledge scores of AWWs regarding malnutrition. Further chi-square test indicated no association (P< 0.05) between the post-test knowledge scores and demographic variables of AWWs such as age, education, refresher course attended on malnutrition among children below Five years of age and number of years back refresher course attended. There was significant association (P > 0.05) between the years of experience as Anganwadi worker and post-test knowledge scores of AWWs.

Children constitute the foundation of a nation. Healthy children evolve to become healthy adult and effectively participate in the national development. While each newborn baby's perceived as an addition to a family, it also brings with it new responsibilities. The World Health Organization (WHO) theme of 2003 is-"Shape the future of life, healthy environment to children." [1] The term weaning describes the time period in which a progressive reduction of breastfeeding or the feeding of infant formula takes place while the infant is gradually introduced to solid foods. It is a crucial time in an infant's life as not only does it involve with a great deal of rapid change for the child but it is also associated with the development of food preferences, eating behaviors, and body weight in childhood and also in adolescence and adulthood. Therefore, how a child is weaned may have an influence later, on the individual's entire life. Babies are traditionally first introduced to solid foods using spoon feeding, in most countries. [2] Over the past century, tradition has been to introduce infants to solid foods using spoon feeding of specially prepared infant foods. [3] At present, the WHO guidance recommends that infants are initially offered smoothly blended foods,