Platelet microbicidal proteins (PMPs) are believed to be integral to host defense against endovascular infection. We previously demonstrated that susceptibility to thrombin-induced PMP 1 (tPMP-1) in vitro negatively influences Candida albicans virulence in the rabbit model of infective endocarditis (IE). This study evaluated the relationship between in vitro tPMP-1 susceptibility (tPMP-1 s ) or resistance (tPMP-1 r ) and efficacy of fluconazole (FLU) therapy of IE due to C. albicans. Candida IE was established in rabbits with either tPMP-1 s or tPMP-1 r strains. Treatment groups received FLU (100 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 7 or 14 days; control animals received no therapy. At these time points, cardiac vegetations, kidneys, and spleens were quantitatively cultured to assess fungal burden. At both 7 and 14 days and in all target tissues, the extent of candidal clearance by FLU was greater in animals infected with the tPMP-1 s strain than in those infected with the tPMP-1 r strain. These differences were statistically significant in the spleen and kidney. Corroborating these in vivo data, FLU (a candidastatic agent), in combination with tPMP-1, exerted an enhanced fungicidal effect in vitro against tPMP-1 s and tPMP-1 r C. albicans, with the extent of this effect greatest against the tPMP-1 s strain. Collectively, these results support the concept that tPMP-1 susceptibility contributes to the net efficacy of FLU against C. albicans IE in vivo, particularly in tissues in which platelets and tPMP-1 likely play significant roles in host defense.

The population of India is rapidly ageing, much like that of many other emerging nations worldwide. Urbanization, modernization, and globalization have altered the economic system, weakened social structures like the united family, and undermined communal values. Changing socio-economic patterns, such as citizen becoming economically active and participating in the workforce, and increasing mobility are all leading to more nuclear households, altering social norms of elder care in the family. Despite the dire need, elder care in India is still largely neglected and the development of the ecosystem is primitive. The younger generation's long-standing sense of responsibility, accountability, and duty towards their parents is eroding. The elder generation is caught between a lack of proper social security and the loss of traditional values on the one hand. From the literature it was found that there is an urgent need to make study of concerns and issues of senior citizens at old age homes in Bhavnagar City, Gujarat State. So the study tries to understand the nature and concerns of citizens’ residing in Old age Homes (VRUDHASHRAM) at Bhavnagar City. The Major results shows that the male and female residing in old age home is almost in equal proportion and most of them are getting basic amenities. Most of citizen residing in old age home are getting food stuff on time and stay happy.

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The place of banks is considered very important in the present industrial age. Because it performs valuable services that are very important in our economic life. In the early stages of development, a single bank performed many types of operations, but with the passage of time, as the spectrum of economic activity began to expand, it became impossible for a single bank to perform many types of operations. As a result, specialization took place in the banking activity over time and gradually a customized banking structure began to develop and today various specialized banks have come into existence everywhere to provide financial facilities to different economic activities as per their requirements. This paper has attempted to examine the four key indicators of the banking sector such as number of branches, deposit and credit ratio and ATM status. After the economic reform, there is an improvement in the position of the private sector compared to the public sector in these matters. Abstract in Gujarati Language: વર્તમાન ઔદ્યોગિક યુગમાં બેન્કોનું સ્થાન અત્યંત મહત્વપૂર્ણ ગણવામાં આવે છે. કારણ કે આપણા આર્થિક જીવનમાં જેનું ખૂબ જ મહત્વ રહેલું છે તેવી મૂલ્યવાન સેવાઓ બજાવવાનું કાર્ય તે કરે છે. વિકાસના પ્રથમ તબક્કામાં એક જ બેંક અનેક પ્રકારની કામગીરી કરતી હતી પરંતુ સમયની સાથે સાથે જેમ જેમ આર્થિક પ્રવૃત્તિનું ફલક વિસ્તરવા લાગ્યું તેમ તેમ કોઈ એક બેંક માટે અનેક પ્રકારની કામગીરી કરવાનું અશક્ય બન્યું. પરિણામે સમય જતા બેન્કિંગ પ્રવૃતિમાં વિશિષ્ટિકરણે સ્થાન લીધું અને ધીમે ધીમે વૈવિધ્યપૂર્ણ બેન્કિંગ માળખાનો વિકાસ થવા લાગ્યો અને આજે સર્વત્ર જુદી જુદી આર્થિક પ્રવૃતિને તેની જરૂરીયાત અનુસાર નાણાકીય સવલતો પૂરી પાડવા માટે અનેકવિધ વિશિષ્ટ બેંકો અસ્તિત્વમાં આવી છે. બેન્કિંગક્ષેત્રના ચાર મુખ્ય નિર્દેશકો જેવા કે શાખાઓનું પ્રમાણ, થાપણ અને શાખનું પ્રમાણ તેમજ એટીએમની સ્થિતિ તપાસવાનો આ પેપરમાં પ્રયત્ન કરવામાં આવ્યો છે. આર્થિક સુધારા બાદ આ બાબતોમાં જાહેરક્ષેત્રની તુલનાએ ખાનગીક્ષેત્રની સ્થિતિમાં સુધારો જોવા મળે છે. Keywords: બેન્કિંગ શાખા, થાપણ, ધિરાણ, શાખ, એટીએમ