Background: Laparotomy incisions have traditionally been made using a scalpel. Diathermy, a latest technique, is thought to increase the risk of infection, impair healing and decrease cosmesis. Recent studies suggest that diathermy may offer likely advantages with respect to blood loss, incision time and postoperative pain. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of surgical diathermy incisions versus conventional scalpel incisions for midline laparotomy in our hospital with an aim to evaluate diathermy as an operational alternative to scalpel incision.Methods: This was a prospective randomized clinical study which was conducted in the surgical wards of Medical College & SSG hospital, Vadodara, between December 2013 and December 2014.  Patients were randomly assigned to two groups i.e. Group A (scalpel group) and Group B (diathermy group).Results: A total of 148 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 74 patients were randomized to Group A (scalpel group) and 74 patients to Group B (diathermy group). The two groups did not vary significantly in relation to age and sex (p>0.001). Laparotomy skin incisions using diathermy were significantly quicker than scalpel incisions (p=0.624). There was significantly less blood loss in the diathermy group compared with the scalpel group (P=0.15). The mean visual analogue scale was significantly reduced more in the diathermy group than in scalpel group patients on postoperative day 1 (p=0.81), day 3 (p=0.71) and day 5 (p=0.79) respectively. Postoperative complication rates did not differ significantly between the scalpel and diathermy groups (p=0.624).Conclusions: We concluded that diathermy incision in midline laparotomy has significant advantages compared with the scalpel because of reduced incision time, less blood loss, reduced early postoperative pain and postoperative wound infection.

The study of 155 patients with extra testicular scrotal lesions presented to SSG Hospital Baroda from December 2015 to November 2016 the following points can be emphasized. The commonest age group presenting with scrotal lesions was in the range of 31-40 years. Unilateral presentation was more common than bilateral presentation. The commonest presentation was scrotal swelling followed by pain and other associated complains of fever and urinary complaints. The commonest finding was cystic followed by inflammatory, and neoplasm being rare. Among cystic hydrocele was the main pathology followed by epididymal cystic lesions. Epididymitis was more common than epididymorchitis followed by Fournier's gangrene in inflammatory lesions. The commonest site of involvement was tunica vaginalis followed by epididymis and scrotal wall lesions. Ultrasonography helped to differentiate extra testicular lesions from intratesticular lesions in nearly all the cases, as well as the site of involvement but was not useful in confirming the etiology. FNAC was found useful in not only coming onto a final diagnosis but also had role in finding the etiology.

Introduction Pediatric trauma is one of the commonest causes of mortality and morbidity in the pediatric age group (0-12 years) (1). Children present a unique challenge in trauma care because they are different from adults-anatomically, developmentally, physiologically and emotionally (1). The burden of pediatric trauma in India is not well known because our knowledge is inadequate about their epidemiology, severity and management. There is a paucity of literature on pediatric trauma from India. This is an obstacle in the development of effective protocols and preventive measures. Therefore, data on trauma is very critical in planning healthcare policy in India. This study is an attempt to bridge the gap in our knowledge concerning pediatric trauma. The present study was carried out in K.B. Bhabha Municipal General Hospital, Mumbai which is a secondary healthcare delivery institution in an urban setting. This hospital has all basic facilities and speciality units, but lacks facilities for specialized medical services like pediatric surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, etc. The burden of injury on children is observed unequally in different socioeconomic populations. It is substantial among the poor with the burden greatest on children in the poorer countries with lower incomes. Overall, more than 95% of all injury deaths in children occur in low-income and middle-income countries (2). This hospital mainly deals with low to middle socioeconomic populations, primarily slum dwellers. Methods This study was conducted in the department of General Surgery at K.B. Bhabha Municipal General Hospital over 15 months from 1/11/2013 to 31/03/2015. It is a secondary health care public hospital in Bandra, Mumbai. In this study, 178 patients were included. Among this batch, 106

Background: Brown tumours are expansile osteolytic lesions of bone, occurring in Hyperparathyroidism. Brown tumours occur most commonly in ribs, clavicle, long bones and pelvis and are uncommon in other facial bones except mandible. Other facial bones are rarely affected. Brown tumors are due to the direct effect of the parathyroid hormone. Brown tumors occur more with primary hyperparathyroidism than secondary. However, they are reported more in secondary hyperparathyroidism. In primary hyperparathyroidism, a parathyroid adenoma is a cause in 81% while other causes include hyperplasia in 15% and parathyroid carcinoma only in 4%. We present a case report of maxillary Brown tumor due to parathyroid carcinoma in an elderly male patient. Case Report: A 67-year-old male presented with right maxillary swelling increasing in size for the last few months associated with ipsilateral nasal block and right eye epiphora. The contrast CT scan of paranasal sinuses and neck revealed a large expansile right maxillary tumor aggressively eroding maxillary wall with extension into the orbital oor, ethmoid, sphenoid sinuses, nasal cavity, and oral cavity with the erosion of hard palate and soft tissue extension to subcutaneous Plane. A three cm sized soft tissue density lesion was also noted posterior to the right thyroid lobe in CT sections of the neck. Blood prole was normal except extremely high serum parathormone and calcium as well as mildly elevated serum creatinine (S. PTH 3437 pg./ml. S. Ca. 19 mg%. S. Creatinine 1.77mg%.) Ultrasonography of the abdomen also revealed calcication in the renal medulla. Right lower parathyroidectomy was done with the frozen section as well as the Intraoperative Rapid PTH assay. The PTH level was reduced by 90 percent of the original value. The nal histopathology was suggestive of parathyroid carcinoma. Summary: The patient was under regular surveillance, as the maxillary tumor was under remittance after the resection of parathyroid carcinoma. Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare tumor and involvement of maxillary bone due to primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid carcinoma is also uncommon.