BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine and compare the shapes, sizes, and bridging of the sella turcica in patients with different skeletal patterns and genders.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional comparative study. The samples were divided into three groups according to the skeletal pattern viz. Class I, Class II and Class III, and each group consisted of 40 samples (20 males and 20 females). The lateral cephalograms were traced and the sella turcica was assessed for its size, shape, and bridging.ResultsThe mean length, anteroposterior diameter and depth of sella turcica were 8.13 ± 2.03 mm, 9.60 ± 1.43 mm and 6.40 ± 1.21 mm respectively. The mean length of sella turcica was 7.91 ± 1.52 mm in Class I, 7.32 ± 1.62 mm in Class II and 9.16 ± .2.42 in Class III skeletal pattern; anteroposterior diameter was 9.30 ± 1.02 mm in Class I, 9.15 ± 1.28 mm in Class II and 10.35 ± 1.64 mm in Class III skeletal pattern; and the depth was 6.40 ± 0.92 mm in Class I, 6.07 ± 1.01 mm in Class II and 6.74 ± .1.54 mm in Class III skeletal pattern. There were significant differences in length and anteroposterior diameter and sella turcica between Class I, Class II and Class III skeletal patterns (p = 0.01), (p = 0.01) respectively. There was no significant difference in size of sella turcica between different genders and age groups. Sixty percent of the patients studied had normal Sella morphology. Partial Sella turcica bridging and Sella turcica bridging was seen in this study in 23.33% and 11.67% of patients respectively.ConclusionSixty percent of the patients had normal sella turcica. There were significant differences in lengths and anteroposterior diameters among Class I, Class II and Class III patients. The larger size was present in skeletal Class III patients.

Introduction. For proper management of anxious dental patients it is imperative to assess their levels of dental anxiety before treatment. Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) is the most commonly used questionnaire to assess dental anxiety. But a Nepali version of MDAS is still lacking. Hence, the objective of this study was to develop a reliable and valid Nepali version of MDAS. Materials and Methods. The English version of the MDAS was translated into Nepali following a forward and backward translation process. Following pretesting and cognitive interviewing a final version of Nepali questionnaire was obtained. One hundred and fifty patients attending Department of Orthodontics completed the Nepali version of MDAS questionnaire at their convenience. Also, patients were asked to rate their overall anxiety on a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS). A test-retest of the questionnaire was performed with 30 patients after 2 weeks. Results. Cronbach's alpha value of the Nepali version of MDAS was 0.775. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient between test and retest was 0.872. Spearman's correlation coefficient between the total MDAS score and VAS score was 0.838. Conclusion. The translated Nepali version of MDAS is a reliable and valid instrument to measure the dental anxiety of Nepali patients.

Introduction: Measurement of the severity of malocclusion is assessed with various indices among which Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is widely used for clinical and epidemiological purpose. Objective: To find out the treatment need of patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment.Materials & Method: 207 patients (71 male, 136 female) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were assessed for the dental health component (DHC) and aesthetic component (AC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) by a single investigator. DHC was assessed with study models, whereas AC with intraoral frontal photograph.Result: Examination of DHC showed that 1 patient (0.5%) had no need; 20 patients (9.7%) had mild/little need; 50 patients (24.2%) had moderate/borderline need; 97 (46.9%) had severe need; 39 patients (18.8%) had extreme treatment need. Similarly, 7 patients (3.4%) had AC 1; 18 patients (8.7%) had AC 2; 13 patients (6.3%) had AC 3; 32 patients (15.5%) had AC 4; 34 patients (16.4%) had AC 5; 25 patients (12.1%) had AC 6; 18 patients (8.7%) had AC 7; 35 patients (16.9%) had AC 8; 15 patients (7.2%) had AC 9; 10 patients (4.8%) had AC 10.Conclusion: Among the patients who were undergoing orthodontic treatment, majority were in severe/extreme treatment need, however few with no treatment need were also found.Orthodontic Journal of Nepal, Vol. 6 No. 1, June 2016, pp.23-26

Introduction: Occlusal traits in orthodontic patients have been studied in different parts of Nepal. However, very few data are available on malocclusion in south-eastern region of Nepal.Objective: To assess the pattern of malocclusion occurring in orthodontic patients in south-eastern region of Nepal, and to estimate the age of presentation of Class II malocclusion among the patients. Materials & Method:Data were collected from 150 pre-treatment study models and lateral cephalograms from two orthodontic specialty clinics in Biratnagar. Angle's classification system was used to determine dental malocclusion and ANB angle was used to determine skeletal malocclusion. Chi square test was used to test the association between dental and skeleton malocclusions.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment is a highly technique sensitive process; which takes long duration and its success depend on many factors. Patient cooperation is one of the important determinants of orthodontic treatment.Objective: To investigate the relationship between patients’ cooperation and orthodontic treatment result as rated by the orthodontist.Materials & Method: Orthodontic Patient Cooperation Scale (OPCS) was used to evaluate 57 orthodontic patients’ cooperation who had undergone active orthodontic treatment in Nobel Medical College Hospital, Biratnagar from 2014 January to 2017 June and were under retention phase. Orthodontic treatment results of these patients were graded as good, acceptable and poor by the orthodontist. Independent t-test was applied to test the mean of OPCS score, the treatment result and gender.Result: Mean OPCS score was higher in good treatment result category; as the OPCS score increased treatment result improved, which was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Orthodontic patients’ cooperation is a strong determining factor for positive treatment outcome.