Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in India, especially in under-fives. In the developing countries, out of ten, seven deaths in under 5 children, are due to ARI. ARI contributes to 15-30% of all under-five deaths in India, and most of these deaths are preventable. Aims & Objectives: To study the potential risk factors and prevalence of ARI in under five children living in rural area of Moradabad district. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 278 under-five children. A questionnaire that included information regarding demographic profile, housing conditions, type of cooking fuel used, birth weight, birth order, feeding practices of the child and pet keeping was used. Results: Out of the 278 children, 27.69% were suffering from ARI. Majority of those with ARI were males (74.02%) and were aged between 12 to 47 months (59.74%). The percentage of ARI was significantly higher (<0.001) among children having low birth weight, and those not exclusively breastfed. The percentage of ARI was also significantly higher among children having no smoke outlet in their houses (<0.05), those with dampness in their houses (<0.001) and among those having pets (<0.05). Conclusion: Incidence of respiratory infections cannot be reduced without an overall increase in social and economic development.

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During pregnancy several drugs are having contraindication, hence their use is less and dangerous to mother along with fetus .Drugs play an important role in improving the health and promoting well-being. However to produce desired effect, they have to be safe, efficacious and have to be used rationally. During pregnancy medication is less preferred but in some times cannot be escaped to treat the ailments in mother. Avoiding medications may be desirable, it is often not possible and may be dangerous because some women enter pregnancy medical conditions that require continuous and episodic treatment (e.g. asthma, hypertension, epilepsy). So here we discussed the medication that can be used safely during pregnancy along with unsafe and highly contraindicated for both mother and fetus. Certain drugs given during pregnancy may prove harmful to unborn child is one of the classical problem in the medical treatment. The main purpose of this review is to prepare a list of safe medications which can be taken during pregnancy with unsafe and highly contraindicated drugs. And also a quick reference for health care professionals. Keyboard: Current, Pregnancy, Drugs, Fetus

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Nanomaterials can be used as drug carriers with multiple features, including target delivery triggered by environmental, pH, thermal responses, enhanced biocompatibility, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polysaccharide largely obtained from marine crustaceans. It provides drug delivery vector for therapeutic CS and diagnostic CS, owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and structural variability. Derivatives of CS such as quaternized CS, thiolated CS and carboxylated CS have enhanced its effectiveness in oral absorption of macromolecular drugs. This review discusses different forms of nanomaterials generated from CS and its derivatives for controlled drug delivery.