Objective To investigate the perceived-stigma level of COVID-19 patients in the early stage of the epidemic and analysed related factors and correlations that affected the stigma levels. Methods The COVID-19 patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. Perceived-stigma level was evaluated using the Social Impact Scale (SIS). Frequency was used to describe the general information and disease investigation status of COVID-19 patients; mean and standard deviation were used for describing stigma levels, Wilcoxon signed-ranks test (nonparametric test) was applied for pairwise comparison. Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test for grade data, and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner test for multiple comparative analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed, and statistically significant indicators in single-factor analysis were included to investigate the independent factors of stigma. The p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results SIS score of the 122 COVID-19 patients averaged 57.37±9.99 points. There were statistically significant differences in perceived-stigma levels among patients of different ages (p = 0.008), occupation (p <0.001), marital status (p = 0.009), and disease severity (p = 0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was the main influencing factor of stigma (p<0.05). Conclusions The overall perceived-stigma level of COVID-19 patients in the early stage of the epidemic was moderate. Younger, unmarried, and severely ill patients had a higher level of perceived-stigma, with age being the main factor. More attention should be given to the young COVID-19 patients.

Highlights COVID-19 in health care workers (HCWs) causes relatively few deaths. Personal protective equipment (PPE) including coveralls and designated COVID-19 hospitals help reduce the infections in HCWs. Using WHO guidelines for Ebola China created level-3 protection protocols. Only 2 nurses who did not use level-3 protection died from COVID-19. Lessons learned may help prevent the deaths of nurses, physicians, and other HCWs in other countries.

The study aims to analyze the correlation between hope levels and resilience in patients with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia . Methods: Fifty-six patients with severe COVID-19 were investigated, with the use of a general information questionnaire, the Herth Hope Index, and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale. Results: There was a significant difference in patients' hope levels with respect to marital status and educational background (P < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in resilience scores depending on gender and family economic situation (P < 0.05). In the present study, the hope levels and resilience in the patients were moderate, with an average score of (34.93 ± 5.45) and (69.36 ± 15.52), respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the hope level and the resilience score in these patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion:In patients with severe COVID-19, the higher the hope level, the higher the resilience score.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of postoperative kinesiophobia in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and factors influencing the occurrence of kinesiophobia, to provide relevant basis for making clinical decisions for targeted interventions. Methods We enrolled a total of 85 patients who underwent CSM surgery at two grade-A general public hospitals in Fujian Province between September 2021 and May 2022. We conducted a questionnaire survey using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Patients evaluated pain using a visual analogue scale. We used one-way ANOVA and logistic multiple regression analysis to identify the relevant influencing factors. Results The TSK score was (41.88±4.46) in 85 postoperative CSM patients, 65 males and 20 females, and there were 31 patients under 40 years old, 54 patients over 40 years old, 58 patients below high school education and 27 patients above high school education, and among them, 81.17% were diagnosed with kinesiophobia. Age was positively correlated with TSK score (r = 0.379, P < 0.05) and therefore a risk factor for kinesiophobia (OR = 1.941, 95% CI = 1.021–3.690). Additionally, the duration of the disease was a protective factor for kinesiophobia (OR = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.053–0.605). Conclusion Patients with CSM were at high risk of developing kinesiophobia postoperatively. Age and duration of the disease were factors influencing the occurrence of kinesiophobia in this group.