Nitrogen added to farmland is used to plants or remains in soil, or is lost to environment. We incorporated 15 N-labeled materials (Chemical fertilizer (CF), green manure (GM), livestock compost (LC), GM+LC, and oil cake (OC) to soil and cultivated Chinese cabbages (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) and analyzed the 15 N recovery of crop and soil to investigate the fate of nitrogen. The results follow. The 15 N crop recovery of chemical fertilizer (CF) was the highest, and that of organic materials differed by type. The 15 N soil recovery of CF was the lowest, and that of organic materials was 3 -6 times higher than CF. The 15 N loss was not significantly difference between CF and organic materials (except GM+LC). As results, despite of the same amount of nitrogen input, there was the difference in plant uptake and soil residue between organic materials and CF. Nitrogen of CF is used to Chinese cabbages more than organic materials, however most of the remaining nitrogen is estimated to be lost to the environment. Therefore, CF might be hard to occur residual effect in the next cropping season. In organic materials, nitrogen is less used to Chinese cabbages than CF, but remains in soil more than CF. Therefore, organic materials might be useful for improving soil fertility and have a residual effect in the next cropping season. We suggest that these properties of organic materials should be taken into account in calculating the amount of applied fertilizer in organic farming where mainly organic materials are used. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate the cumulative and residual effects of continuous input of the same organic materials.
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