Urbanization
with increasing demand for energy at a rapid pace
has prompted researchers to explore effective and efficient energy
storage technology. Fuel cells, being well-known among other existing
devices, are categorized based on the nature of the electrolyte employed.
In several areas, proton conduction solid oxide fuel cells have surpassed
conventional solid oxide fuel cells. Nonetheless, there still prevail
drawbacks accompanied with the proton-conducting electrolyte materials.
However, the disadvantages associated with proton-conducting electrolytic
materials persists. Besides chemical stability, one of the significant
concerns is the fluctuation in proton conductivity among acceptor-doped
compositions. Recent introspection interprets the proton trapping
effect in the vicinity of the substituent attenuating proton mobility,
the fundamentals of which point toward a proton-dopant complex interaction
and altering basicity of the dopant neighboring oxygen atoms, escalating
the activation energy. This implies a pronounced affinity of proton-trapped
sites in the close coordination of the acceptor dopant while implying
trap-free sites elsewhere. In the following review article, we direct
our attention to the assimilation of factors responsible for the genesis
of proton trapping sites with an additional motive to explore the
optimal composition while achieving maximum productivity.
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