Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacies of high dose dexamethasone, prednisone and rituximab in combination with dexamethasone for newly diagnosed ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenia, ITP) patients.Methods and results: Relevant publications for this study were obtained by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CNKI (National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI) databases following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of, 15 publications were retrieved that contained sufficient data from 1,362 patients for high quality analysis of this study endpoints. Data analysis was carried out using Stata 11.0 software.The primary outcomes were OR (Overall Response, OR) at 1 month after intervention and SR at 6 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes were AEs and relapse. There were no differences in the OR, while the SR was higher at 6 months (p = 0.001) as well as 12 months (p < 0.001) in the rituximab + dexamethasone group. In addition, the incidences of AEs (p = 0.008) were also higher in the rituximab + dexamethasone group. Dexamethasone was superior to prednisone based on OR (p = 0.006). We found no differences in SR at 6 months between dexamethasone and prednisone but SR at 12 months was higher in the dexamethasone group (p = 0.014). The relapse rate was higher in the high dose dexamethasone group compared to the rituximab + dexamethasone group (p = 0.042).Conclusion: This demonstrated that new treatment options such as Rituximab + dexamethasone, could be a good alternative to traditional therapy in improving long-term response and reducing the rate of relapse. However, further studies are required on the increased risk of AEs associated with Rituximab + dexamethasone.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a blood disorder characterized by abnormal white blood cell count, anemia, or abnormal platelet count. It is associated with molecular genetic changes. While platelet counts vary at first diagnosis，platelets recover after chemotherapy. Objectives:This study aimed to; (1) Investigate whether the platelet count and genotype at first diagnosis are related to chemotherapy and their significance on chemotherapy prognosis; (2) Determine whether newly diagnosed patients with low platelet count have a poor prognosis and if it can be used as a separate prognostic predictor; (3) Determine whether the mutation genotype affects platelet count and its prognosis at first diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 301 AML patients was conducted. Univariate, multivariate unconditional Logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were also conducted. Bioinformatics technology was used to extract the GSE12662 data set from the GEO database to analyze differentially expressed genes in AML patients. Besides, biological functions, pathways, proteins, and prognosis were assessed. Conclusion: Increased platelet count in AML patients after chemotherapy was an independent risk factor affecting complete remission. The platelet count also had some guiding significance for evaluating the sensitivity of patients to chemotherapy. MYH10 causes thrombocytopenia in acute myeloid leukemia via RUNX1 gene alteration and influence of prognostic factors. MYH10 variant detection improves the identification of AML molecular characteristics and its prognostic impact on AML, helping in the response analysis to chemotherapeutic agents and further treatment decisions.