In this paper, we describe a miniature analytical thermal cycling instrument (MATCI) to amplify and detect DNA via the polymerase chain reaction in real-time. The MATCI is an integrated, miniaturized analytical system that uses silicon-based, high-efficiency reaction chambers with integrated heaters and simple, inexpensive electronics to precisely control the reaction temperatures. Optical windows in the silicon and solid-state, diode-based detection components are employed to perform real-time fluorescence monitoring of product DNA production. The entire system fits into a briefcase and runs on rechargeable batteries. The applications of this miniaturized nucleic acid analysis system include clinical, research, environmental, and agricultural analyses as well as others which require rapid, portable, and accurate analysis of biological samples for nucleic acids. This paper describes the MATCI and presents results from ultrafast thermal cycling and real-time PCR detection. Examples include human genes and pathogenic viruses and bacteria.

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DISCLAIMERThis document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government m:r the University of California nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or agsumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accu racy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately ow_ned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial pr_JducLs, process, or senice by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States (;overnment or the University of California.The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or the University of California, mid shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. J lr ¢ AbstractDetailed performance results and fabrication techniques for an efficient and low thermal impedance laser diode array heatsink are presented. High duty factor or even CW operation of fully filled laser diode arrays is enabled at high average power.