This study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle modification counseling using lifestyle intervention holistic model and its adherence towards glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This quasi-experimental prospective study was conducted among 224 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Delhi Diabetes Research Center, New Delhi. The study participants were allocated to lifestyle modification counseling group (intervention) and usual care (control) group based on receiving or not receiving lifestyle modification counseling using lifestyle intervention holistic model. Effect of counseling on glycemic control was assessed at baseline and follow up of both the groups at 3rd, 6th and 12th months after receiving lifestyle modification counseling. The collected data was analyzed for percentage, mean, median, standard deviation, chi-squared, t-test and Wilcoxon test. In this study, the lifestyle modification counseling proved to be effective and showed significant improvement in fasting blood sugar (175.5±32.3 to 144.7±17.6), postprandial blood sugar (275.5±61. to199.0±48.3), hemoglobin A1c by 9.3±1.5 to 8.4±1.3. Significant improvement was observed in diastolic blood pressure (82.6±7.0 to79.4±6.1) and high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (47.3±10.5 to 58.8±5.6) from 3rd to 12th months follow up with significant p value 0.001 in the intervention group. The study showed good adherence to balanced diet, physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol cessation but less adherence was observed towards meditation for stress management, regular checkups, and medicine adherence. Lifestyle modification counseling is an effective, noninvasive approach towards glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Lifestyle intervention holistic model used in this counseling may be helpful for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients to improve adherence and self-care behavior towards the management of their diabetes.

Diabetes is a costly, lifestyle disorder which increases the burden of disease and deteriorates the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of diabetes patients and this study was conducted to assess the effect of lifestyle intervention on medical treatment cost and HRQOL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This quasi-experimental prospective study was conducted in Delhi Diabetes Research Center, New Delhi and included 224 T2DM patients. Patients were divided into LMC and usual care group on the basis of receiving or not receiving lifestyle modification counseling. The follow-up of both groups was done at 6th and 12th months. Collected data were analyzed through IBM, SPSS software v 21 for mean, median (min-max), SD, t-test and Wilcoxon scores (rank sums) test. The results of this study showed a statistically significant reduction in diabetes medication costs, hospitalization and surgery costs in the LMC group as compared to the usual care group. The significant improvement was also observed in HRQOL domains which includes - physical functioning (62.40±6.738 to 83.67 ± 5.4920), physical health (35.30±22.069 to 64.50±13.62), emotional problem (37.90±28.93 to71.46±16.75), energy (54.31±11.858 to 80.75 ± 15.52), emotional well-being (63.06± 9.828 to 85.79±6.36), social functioning (38.848±20.805 to 65.54±8.39) and general health (54.51±11.679 to 82.398± 11.7) at 12th month follow up in LMC group. The ADS score also showed significant improvement in overall HRQOL of LMC group. This study concludes that lifestyle intervention may improve HRQOL and reduce medical treatment cost of T2DM patients.

This study was designed to evaluate the impact of yoga based lifestyle intervention on coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This multi-centric prospective study was held in the Saaol heart center in different cities (Delhi, Kolkata, Bangalore, Chennai, and Mumbai) of India from 1995 to 2015. In this study, total 5,000 CAD patients having co-morbidity of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were enrolled. A yoga-based lifestyle modification counseling (consist the essential components; cardiac education, plant-based balanced diet, regular walk, yoga, and meditation) was administrated to study subjects and clinical assessment was done using Saaol safety wheel as a holistic tool. In the beginning, lifestyle modification counseling was provided every month for one year and after one year the counseling was repeated for every six months with clinical assessment till the end of the study. The results of this study demonstrate a significant improvement in angina with reduction of New York Heart Association (NYHA) angina classification score from 3.08±0.56 (mean±SD) to 2.45±0.70 and also reduce the intake of anti-anginal drugs from 4.36±1.35 to 3.82±1.20. In this study, a significant improvement was also observed in heart attack protection score from 56.68±13.53 to 104.13±14.55. After the adherence to yoga-based lifestyle modification counseling components and Saaol safety wheel, 98% study subjects showed the significant improvements in clinical outcomes (BMI, blood pressure, and lipid parameters) and cardiac patients reduced the risk of heart attack and cardiac events. This study concludes that yoga-based lifestyle intervention is a non-invasive effective treatment method to control and prevent cardiac risk factors in CAD patients. This type of holistic approach may help to reduce the rate of cardiac events and heart attacks but there is further long-term multicentric randomized controlled trials are required for better clinical outcomes.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a costly, lifestyle-related disorder, its management is very critical and challenging hence lifestyle intervention may a cornerstone in the reversal and management of T2DM. This study designed to assess the impact of lifestyle intervention holistic (LIH) Model on blood glucose levels (BGL), Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and medical treatment cost in T2DM patients. This prospective, quasi-experimental study was conducted among 224 T2DM patients in Delhi Diabetes Research Center (DDRC), New Delhi. The study participants were allocated into two groups-Lifestyle Intervention Counseling (LIC) group received lifestyle-based counseling through the LIH model while the Usual-care group received only standard treatment. Study outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month and data were analyzed through SPSS. Study results revealed that LIC participants had decreased in fasting blood glucose 0.26 mg dL-1 (-4.37 to 4.89), blood glucose postprandial -70.16 mg dL-1 (-85.15 to - 55.16), HbA1C -2.82% (-5.26 to - 0.37), medicine cost (p < 0.004), hospitalization cost (p < 0.011), and cost of surgery (p < 0.0005). A significant improvement also observed in HRQOL and adherence towards a holistic model in LIC group. The study concludes that lifestyle-based counseling and its adherence was cost-effective and significantly improves BGL, HRQoL, and medical treatment in T2DM patients.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) treatment on clinical profile comprising physiological, biochemical, and clinical symptoms of diabetic and non-diabetic coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.Methods: A pretest–posttest designed prospective study with 163 diabetic and non-diabetic CHD patients enrolled in Science and Art of Living Heart Center (SAAOL), New Delhi, India. Angina severity was assessed using Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina classification scale and dyspnea status was assessed using medical research council (MRC) scale. The study subjects were followed up for 12 months. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS v21 software. Descriptive analysis with sample t-test for two independent groups and paired sample t-test for EECP effectiveness within the group was done.Results: A minute difference in body mass index mean (30.1±5.86–29.9±5.62 vs. 27.5±4.17–27.16±3.88) was observed in diabetic and non-diabetic CHD patients, but that was not statistically significant. A significant drop out in blood sugar fasting (166.7±41.9–150.1±23.7), blood sugar postprandial (204.7±64.4–173.2±41.2), and glycosylated hemoglobin (7.9±0.8 to 7.5±0.6) was also observed in diabetic CHD patients from baseline to 12th month after completion of EECP treatment with significant p<0.001, that may be due to EECP treatment. CCS angina classification score and MRC dyspnea score also significantly improved after EECP treatment.Conclusion: EECP treatment may improve clinical symptoms of CHD and lower the blood glucose level in diabetic CHD patients. This treatment may be effective for CHD patients with diabetes mellitus.