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Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices related to hand hygiene among first year undergraduates of Nursing and Pharmacy in Durg district. Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Methods: Study was conducted among two groups of undergraduate students belonging to the first year of their respective course. The first group included 118 students pursuing first year of Bachelors in Pharmacy course at a private institute of pharmaceutical science and research and the other group included 181 students pursuing first year of Bachelors of Science, Nursing course at a private nursing institute located in Durg District. All study subjects were surveyed with a questionnaire regarding their Knowledge, attitude and practices related to hand hygiene. Statistical Analysis: Shapiro Wilk test, Z- test, Mann Whitney U test. Results: A questionnaire based responses was obtained from 299 first year undergraduate students of nursing and pharmacy. Nursing students had better knowledge (P<0.000), attitude (P=0.013) and practice (P<0.000) than the pharmacy students. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the need for educational and training programs about hand hygiene and its techniques, risks related to improper hand hygiene. There is also a need to augment the availability and accessibility of hand hygiene resources. Adequate knowledge and training regarding hand hygiene may help bring about a change in attitude towards hand hygiene, better compliance, reducing the transmission of infections and, ultimately, building a healthy society.

The aim of this study was to explore association between hypermobility and osteoarthritis (OA) at the first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify early change in women at high risk of developing OA but without yet established diagnoses.Methods: For this observational study, 33 women (aged 30-50 years) with self-reported history of maternal hand OA but without personal diagnoses of OAwere recruited. Participants completed a 5-point hypermobility questionnaire. The 20 participants with 2 or more positive responses were categorized with "high hypermobility scores." The remaining 13 were categorized with "low hypermobility scores." Data collection included functional index, hand pain measure, parity, smoking status, and body mass index. Each participant underwent dominant hand radiographic and MRI examination. Imaging studies were interpreted by assessors blinded to hypermobility score categorization.Results: No significant differences in age, body mass index, parity, functional index, or pain scores were observed between higher and lower hypermobility score groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences between groups for radiographic changes. However, significantly higher proportions of women with higher hypermobility scores were observed on MRI to have abnormalities of trapezium cartilage (75% vs. 38%), metacarpal cartilage (80% vs. 38%), and trapezium bone (70% vs. 31%); p < 0.05 for all.Conclusions: First CMC joint structural abnormalities were more frequently observed in women with higher hypermobility scores. Identification of early preradiographic changes in this group supports the concept that early-life joint laxity may contribute to future OA predisposition. Magnetic resonance imaging may be a preferred imaging test for detection of early cartilage changes in people at high risk of CMC joint OA.