Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases during childhood and adolescence. It threatens the health and endangers life with consequences for the physical and emotional development of the child and adolescent. Our study aimed at determining the health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and factors affecting it in children and adolescents with T1DM. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 randomly selected children and adolescents, 5–18 years of age, with T1DM on follow-up at endocrine clinics from 25 August to 25 September 2021. PedsQLTM 4.0 generic core scales were used to collect the data. Paired sample t -test was used to compare children’s and adolescents’ self-reports and caregiver’s reports. Bivariable and multivariable linear regression is used to explore to identify significant predictor factors of HRQoL. Results Total mean score of HRQoL was 88.42±10.82 as reported by the children and adolescents and 82.17±12.65 reported by their primary caregivers. According to self-reports, age (β=−0.197, p =0.028), mothers’ educational status (β=0.242, p <0.001), fathers’ educational status (β=0.259, p <0.001), fathers’ occupation (β=0.170, p =0.038), frequency of insulin administration (β=−0.132, p =0.007), diabetes duration (β=−0.101, p =0.050), and frequency of monitoring of blood glucose (β=0.165, p =0.006) were statistically significant predictors of HRQoL, explaining 21.6% of the variability of total HRQoL scores of children and adolescents (R 2 =0.216, F(21,357)=5.968, p <0.001). Conclusion Children and adolescents with T1DM in Ethiopia have relatively good HRQoL. Increased age, longer diabetes duration, and insulin administrations of three times per day were associated with decreased HRQoL scores. Educated parents, having an employed father, and frequent blood glucose monitoring were associated with higher HRQoL scores.

BackgroundUndernutrition among children is a significant contributor to the global disease burden and a leading cause of child mortality. Ethiopia, home to more than 16 million children under 5 years old, is one of the countries that have high levels of wasting. The aim of this study was to assess survival status and predictors of mortality among children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to Dubti Zonal Referral hospital from January 1/2017 to September 30/2019.MethodsFacility-based retrospective cohort was conducted among 331 severely acutely malnourished children. Data were collected from SAM management registration, individual patient cards and multi-charts admitted from January 1/2017 to September 30/2019. Cox-regression was used to characterize survival within the cohort and to estimate the effect of specific variables while controlling for potential confounders. The hazard ratio was used as a measure of the outcome. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant to identify independent predictors in multivariable analysis.ResultThe median age of study participants was 18 months and males were 187(56%). About half of 160 (48.3%) respondents were with co-morbidities during admission: diarrhea (44%) and pneumonia (26%) were the major co-morbidities. From a total of 331 SAM children, 255(77%) were recovered, 34(10%) died, and 40(12%) have defaulted from treatment. The main risk factors for earlier death of severely malnourished children were rural residence (AHR=1.6, 95% CI= 0.745-3.493), being on IV Infusion (AHR=2.5, 95% CI= 1.12-4.18), anemia during admission (AHR= 6.27, 95% CI =2.41-16.36) & pneumonia (AHR=0.27, 95% CI = 0.11-0.68)ConclusionsThe death rate was 10% which is close to the minimum SPHERE standard & national management protocol for SAM. Predictors for earlier hospital deaths were rural residence, IV infusion, Anemia, and Pneumonia.

Background: Living with type-I diabetes mellitus (T1DM) presents children and adolescents with various daily challenges associated with disease management, including significant lifestyle changes due to intensive therapeutic exogenous insulin regimes, the need for dietary restrictions, regular exercise, and frequent biochemical marker monitoring. This study aimed at determining diabetes related quality of life (DRQoL) and factors influencing quality of life in Indian children and adolescents with T1DM.Methods: Three hundred seventy-nine randomly selected children and adolescents with T1DM were assessed using Pediatric quality of life inventory 3.2 diabetes module. Mean scores of DRQoL according to sociodemographic factors, and clinical variables were assessed by an independent sample t test, or ANOVA according to the characteristics of analyzed variables. Paired sample t-test was used to compare children’s and adolescents’ self-report with caregivers’ report. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify the significant predictors of DRQoL.Result: The total score of the PedsQL Diabetes Module self-report were found to be 83.77±11.11 for the 5 -12 years old and 80.27±13.52 for the 13-18 years old. Patients who attended education (β = -0.134, p= 0.013) and mothers of the patients being educated (β=0.300, p<0.001), and having insulin injection by primary care givers (β = 0.136, p=0.050) were positive determinants of DRQoL; while not attending diabetic education (β = -0.129, p=0.014) and an increase in the mean fasting blood sugar (FBS) (β = -0.130, p=0.016) were found to be negative determinants that explain 20.3% of the variability of total DRQoL scores of children and adolescents (R2=0.203, F(20,312)= 5.225, p<0.001).Conclusions: the quality-of-life score for children and adolescents with T1DM in Ethiopia was not sufficiently good. The educational status of patients, mothers’ educational status, fathers’ occupation, type of individual administering insulin medication, attending diabetes health education and mean fasting blood sugar were found to be determinants of DRQoL.