Background: Vitamin D deficiency is an important risk factor for some chronic disease. Some reports suggested that there is an interrelationship between lipids and cholecalciferol. Objectives: This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the existing evidence of randomized controlled trial (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profiles in children and adolescents. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis data base such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Science Direct, Magiran, SID were searched for studies prior up to December 21st, 2019. This study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. I-square was used to measure the existing heterogeneity through included articles. Considering heterogeneity among articles, random-effect models were applied to pool standardized mean differences (SMD) as overall effect size. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The analyses were conducted by STATA v 14.0. Study eligibility criteria included Children and adolescents (<18 years) and evaluated the association between vitamin D and lipid profile. Results: A total of 13 trials (number of participant=173) were included in the current meta-analysis. The SMD is 0.23, the vitamin D supplementation is associated with significant slight increase in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels in children and adolescent (SMD 0.23; 95% CI, 0.02, 0.45, P= 0.036; I2= 57.7%, Egger’s P=0.554). We found no significant association between vitamin D supplementation and LDL-cholesterol levels (SMD -0.10; 95% CI, − 0.29, 0.09, P = 0.310 ; I2 = 0.0%, Egger’s P=0.689), Total cholesterol  levels (SMD –0.01; 95% CI, − 0.20, 0.18, P = 0.926 ; I2 = 0.0%, Egger’s P=0.005) and triglycerides levels (SMD -0.10; 95% CI, − 0.22, 0.02, P = 0.093 ; I2 = 0.0%, Egger’s P=0.160). Conclusions and implications: vitamin D could marginally increase HDL level, without any significant effect on LDL-C, TG, and TC levels.

Introduction : Allopurinol could decrease the undesirable effects of free radicals and then prevent contrast induced nephropathy (CIN). Therefore, it may be useful for reducing the ischemia-reperfusion induced nephropathy and inhibiting nitric oxide synthesis produced in CIN. This study was performed aimeing to determine the effect of allopurinol in the prevention of CIN in patients undergoing angioplasty. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 100 patients (50 cases as the intervention group receiving allopurinol 300 mg one day and one hour before angiography and 50 cases as the control group) were evaluated. CIN was considered if the serum creatinine (SCr) value was increased 25% in relation to its basic value. Additionally, the prevalence of CIN was evaluated. Results: The case and control groups had CIN 38% and 12%, respectively (P = 0.003). Hyperuricemia was significant indicator of higher CIN rate in the control group (37.5% versus 7.1%) (P = 0.044). Conclusion: Finally, the administration of allopurinol before procedure might prevent CIN following elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and decrease the rate of CIN.

Background and aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication of malignancy associated with a three-fold increase risk of death. Pregnancy is also a recognized risk factor for VTE, and is associated with a 4-5 fold increase risk compared to non-pregnant women. Considering that any review article has not been published in this field yet and given that complications of VTE can be reduced by early identifying between pregnant women the current systematic review aimed to elucidate the impact of malignancy on the risk of VTE in pregnant females. Methods: We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed (Medline), Google Scholar, and Scopus up to January 2023. Finally, 441 related articles were extracted from the databases, after screening the title, abstract and full text, seven articles were included in the study. Results: Seven studies (6 cohorts and 1 cross-sectional) with an entire of 58,854,195 pregnant females (22,396 cancer patients) were included. These studies were done in the United States of America, Canada, Brazil, and Denmark. All of the studies except one study demonstrated that cancer in pregnant patients increased the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The VTE prevalence was significantly higher in cancer groups compared with the non-cancer group and the highest (adjusted odds ratio) aOR was correlated to myeloid leukemia. Conclusions: Pregnant women with malignancy are more susceptible to VTE and other coagulation disorders. Physicians and health policymakers should be of high vigilance to pregnancy-associated VTE, especially in women suffering from cancer.

Objectives: The most common anticoagulant drug in the world is warfarin. Overdoses of warfarin may follow seasonal patterns, but the information is scarce. This study investigated possible seasonal variations in warfarin overdose among various age groups living in cold climates. Results: Seasonal patterns were observed in warfarin overdoses.  Warfarin overdoses were more common among the patients under 65 years old during winter (P-value = 0.03), whereas almost identical findings were found among the patients 65 and older, although numerically more cases were seen during the summer season (P-value = 0.8). Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that warfarin overdoses in the patients younger than 65 years showed a seasonal pattern peaking in the winter months. However, these findings did not have any relation with older patients. To confirm the results of the present study, larger prospective multicenter studies in a variety of climate settings are needed.