Background: Renal injury is common following cisplatin infusion. Some agents have been used to attenuate cisplatin nephrotoxicity. However, except hydration, none of them has been proved to be effective. Objective: In this study selenium as an antioxidant supplement was tested on cisplatin induced renal injury. Patients and Methods: 122 cancerous patients (85 male and 37 female; age range of 14 to 82 years old) were enrolled to receive chemotherapy regimens consisting cisplatin. They were allocated into two groups using a random number list . Investigators, patients and analyzers all, were blinded in allocation by using sealed opaque envelopes. Intervention group received a single 400 mcg selenium tablet and patients in control group took a placebo tablet which was similar with selenium preparation in color, weight, shape and taste. Primary end points were an increase in plasma creatinine above 1.5 mg/dl in men and 1.4mg/dl in women, or increase of plasma creatinine more than 50% from baseline or urine flow rate less than 0.5 ml/kg/h. Creatinine level was measured initially and on the 5th day after cisplatin therapy. Results: There was no difference in cumulative dose of cisplatin between the groups (p=0.54). There were not evidences of acute renal failure (ARF) in cases. While, among placebo group, 7 patients had criteria of acute kidney injury. Conclusions: selenium could probably prevent cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, when it is added to hydration therapy in cancerous patients. Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:Renal injury is common following cisplatin infusion. Selenium could probably prevent cisplatin-induced acute renal failure when it is added to hydration in cancerous patients.Please cite this paper as: Ghorbani A, Omidvar B, Parsi A. Protective effect of selenium on cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity: A double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial. J Nephropathology. 2013; 2(2): 129-134.

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the third most common infection in human. In a study on 32600 ambulatory patients' urine samples from six laboratories, E. coli, Kelebsiella and Enterobacter were the most common pathogens. E. coli and other isolates were more sensitive to Gentamicin, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin compared to the other antibiotics tested and therefore these may be the drugs of choice for the empiric treatment of community-acquired UTI in our region. Conclusions: E. coli and other isolates were more sensitive to Gentamicin, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin compared to the other antibiotics tested and therefore these may be the drugs of choice for the empiric treatment of community-acquired UTI in our region.

Our data suggest that in the acute phase of ST elevation myocardial infarction, uric acid has a prognostic role for in-hospital and short-term (30-day) mortality in men.

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Introduction: The existence of a relationship between the level of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone density can be a warning sign in hemodialysis patients. Objectives: In the studies conducted so far, the relationship between these two factors has not been specifically investigated. Hence, this study was aimed to exclusively evaluate the levels of serum PTH hormone and bone density. Patients and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 85 eligible chronic hemodialysis patients aged over 18 years old who underwent hemodialysis a minimum of two times a week for at least 6 months were enrolled in the study. Serum intact PTH, 25 OH-vitamin D3, CBC, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (Alb), and VBG were measured. Additionally, lumbar radiographic profile and densitometry tests were conducted for patients. Results: The mean age of patients was 52.9 years (20 to 86 years old). Of them, 43 patients were male (50.58%). There was a significant correlation between age and the decrease in bone density (P = 0.004). There was a significant relationship between different groups of bone density and serum vitamin D3 level (P < 0.05). Based on the results of Z standard, a significant difference between the mean levels of intact PTH in different groups of bone density was seen (P = 0.037). Conclusion: The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in hemodialysis patients is high. In addition, the decrease in bone density is associated with high levels of PTH. While this association is mainly associated with Z score, it is necessary to investigate the secondary causes of this condition. Please cite this paper as: Omidvar B, Ghorbani A, Tamadon MR, Sadeghian Broujeni Z, Bahadoram M, Dargahi M. Relationship of bone density with serum parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis patients; a single center study.