Background:We aimed to investigate the alpha and beta-thalassemia mutations and assess the association of hematologic indices with mutations. Patients and Methods:In this cross sectional study, we assessed 275 suspected thalassemia carriers. Amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction and Gap PCR were used for detection of mutations.Results: CD 36 -37 (-T) and -α3.7/αα were most common mutations. Mean of corpuscular hemoglobin and corpuscular volume was less among beta-thalassemia carriers in comparison to alpha-thalassemia carriers (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Detected mutations were different from other regions in Iran. After iron therapy, mean of corpuscular volume (MCV) was < 69 fL and mean of corpuscular hemoglobin was < 23 pg, may be classified as beta-thalassemia carriers.