Tuberculosis in animals is an infectious and contagious disease, caused by acid-fast bacilli of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The disease has been confirmed in Poland in farm and wild animals. Among the latter the largest number of cases was diagnosed in free-ranging European bison in the Bieszczady Mountains. The disease has also been present there since 2013 in the wild boar population. From April 21, 2021, in accordance with EU Regulation 2016/429, tuberculosis in European bison is a disease that is subject to mandatory eradication in all EU Member States. In Poland and in most EU countries where free-ranging European bison herds exist, no strategy has yet been developed to combat tuberculosis outbreaks in this species. To date, in Podkarpackie Voivodship eradication measures of bison tuberculosis have been undertaken in a framework of interdisciplinary cooperation of employees of the State Forests and the Veterinary Inspection, supported by representatives of the sciences. The article presents the legal status and the administrative aspects of the issue, as well as experiences and practical solutions of tuberculosis eradication in free-living European bison herds which have proven themselves in field conditions. The conclusions regarding an eradication strategy and the needs of tuberculosis monitoring are also presented in this article, which, apart from wild bison herds, takes into account other wild animal species and farm cattle from areas and buffer zones of bison herds infected with tuberculosis.

The aim of the present article is to describe the specific nature of the zoonoses associated with alpacas. Of the potential zoonoses, it is known that tuberculosis (TB), cryptosporidiosis and dermal mite have been transmitted to humans. In addition, associations have been noted between the South American Camelids (SAC) and Escherichia coli human verocytotoxigenic infections (VTECs). The zoonotic potential of TB in camelids primarily poses a threat to veterinarians and owners, it can also be transmitted to the rest of society, as although only a limited number of camelids enter the food chain, alpacas are a very popular in public shows, exhibitions and festivals. Such close contact offers many opportunities to infect humans or other farm animals. The authors presented the potential routes of infection and discussed the clinical symptoms of individual zoonoses in both alpacas and humans.