Introduction
Only few cases of renal dysfunction in patients with situs inversus totalis have been reported. Thus, studies on kidney transplantation in patients with this condition are still limited.
Case presentation
We present three cases of end‐stage renal disease patients with situs inversus totalis: a 30‐year‐old man, 21‐year‐old woman, and 31‐year‐old man. Each left living‐donor kidney was transplanted in the right iliac fossa in the usual way. Because of the anatomical reversal and right external iliac vein being deep, the internal iliac vein was cut for venous anastomosis in one patient. Another one patient developed temporary congestive kidney, which was speculated to be due to poor blood flow in the renal vein. All recipients could be weaned off dialysis, with stable allograft function.
Conclusion
Kidney transplantation in patients with situs inversus totalis is the same as anatomical normal cases, except that attention is paid to venous anastomosis.
Introduction
Surgical manipulation of a pheochromocytoma carries the risk of releasing catecholamines into bloodstream leading to severe intraoperative hypertension.
Case presentation
We present three patients with right adrenal pheochromocytoma over 10 cm diameter: a 40‐year‐old woman, 63‐year‐old man, and 66‐year‐old woman. They were diagnosed by 123I‐MIBG scintigraphy and received preoperative antihypertensive treatment with 16 mg/day of doxazosin. Open adrenalectomy was performed with early right adrenal artery ligation between the inferior vena cava and ventral aorta (Step 1) as well as between the tumor and upper pole of the right kidney (Step 2). There was no severe intraoperative hypertension, and no recurrence was observed over 33 months, postoperatively.
Conclusion
Early adrenal artery ligation may stop tumor blood supply and significantly reduce the catecholamine release. Our technique was thought to be safe and useful for preventing severe intraoperative hypertension in giant right adrenal pheochromocytoma.
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