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Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Homogenous mixing in microfluidic devices is often required for efficient chemical and biological reactions.Passive micromixing without external energy input has attracted much research interest. We have developed a high-performance 3D...

Cobalt–nitrogen–carbon is hitherto considered as one of the most satisfactory alternatives to precious metal catalysts for oxygen electrocatalysts. However, precisely tuning the local coordination of Co sites and thus engineering d‐orbital electron configuration to optimize the binding energy of the intermediates remains a huge challenge. Herein, a robust electrostatic self‐assembly strategy is developed to engineer penta‐coordinated Co sites by introducing axial O ligands with atomic‐level precision to form CoN4O1 configurations on MXene nanosheets (CoN4‐O/MX). The optimized CoN4‐O/MX demonstrates outstanding bifunctional electrocatalytic performance with a small potential gap of 0.72 V, significantly outperforming the cobalt–nitrogen–carbon catalyst with plane‐symmetric CoN4 sites and precious metal counterparts. The Zn–air batteries integrated with CoN4‐O/MX provide an outstanding peak power density of 182.8 mW cm−2 and a long‐term cyclability for 250 h. Density functional theory calculations reveal that CoO coordination induces electronic delocalization to draw off partial electrons from the dz2 orbital, which forms unsaturated orbital filling and lifts the energy level, resulting in a stronger Lewis basicity to facilitate electron injection into the intermediate. The study presented here provides not only a novel methodology to achieve precise control of heteroatom coordination, but also a fundamental understanding about the structure–activity relationships of dz2 orbitals.

Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses are critical in understanding the complex functional regulatory natures of genetic variation and have been widely used in the interpretation of disease-associated variants identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Emerging evidence has shown that trans-eQTL effects on remote gene expression could be mediated by local transcripts, which is known as the mediation effects. To discover the genome-wide eQTL mediation effects combing genomic and transcriptomic profiles, it is necessary to develop novel computational methods to rapidly scan large number of candidate associations while controlling for multiple testing appropriately. Here, we present eQTLMAPT, an R package aiming to perform eQTL mediation analysis with implementation of efficient permutation procedures in multiple testing correction. eQTLMAPT is advantageous in threefold. First, it accelerates mediation analysis by effectively pruning the permutation process through adaptive permutation scheme. Second, it can efficiently and accurately estimate the significance level of mediation effects by modeling the null distribution with generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) trained from a few permutation statistics. Third, eQTLMAPT provides flexible interfaces for users to combine various permutation schemes with different confounding adjustment methods. Experiments on real eQTL dataset demonstrate that eQTLMAPT provides higher resolution of estimated significance of mediation effects and is an order of magnitude faster than compared methods with similar accuracy.