Simplexins J-O, Eunicellin-Based Diterpenoids from a Dongsha Atoll Soft Coral Klyxum simplex. -Simplexins M-O (IV) reduce the level of pro-inflammatory iNOS proteins in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Simplexin N (IVb) shows a weak cytotoxicity against the Daoy cancer cell line. -(WU, S.-L.; SU, J.-H.; LU, Y.; CHEN, B.-W.; HUANG, C.-Y.; WEN, Z.-H.; KUO, Y.-H.; SHEU*, J.-H.; Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 84 (2011) 6, 626-632, http://dx.

A remote optogenetic device for analyzing freely moving animals has attracted extensive attention in optogenetic engineering. In particular, for peripheral nerve regions, a flexible device is needed to endure the continuous bending movements of these areas. Here, a remote optogenetic optical transducer device made from a gold inverse opaline skeleton grown with a dendrite-like gold nanostructure (D-GIOF) and chemically grafted with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is developed. This implantable D-GIOF-based transducer device can achieve synergistic interaction of the photonic crystal effect and localized surface plasmon resonance, resulting in considerable UCNP conversion efficiency with a negligible thermal effect under low-intensity 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) light excitation. Furthermore, the D-GIOF-based transducer device exhibits remarkable emission power retention (≈100%) under different bending states, indicating its potential for realizing peripheral nerve stimulation. Finally, the D-GIOF-based transducer device successfully stimulates neuronal activities of the sciatic nerve in mice. This study demonstrates the potential of the implantable device to promote remote NIR stimulation for modulation of neural activity in peripheral nerve regions and provides proof of concept for its in vivo application in optogenetic engineering.

The effects of mechanical tensile and compressive stress on dual‐gate amorphous InGaZnO thin‐film transistors (a‐IGZO TFTs) on a flexible substrate were investigated. Both the tensile and compressive stresses led to increases in free electrons and deep states in a‐IGZO. Strong tensile stress tends to form more deep defects than compressive stress, resulting in severe deterioration in performance. Small compressive stress seems to repair defects in the relatively poor quality etch‐stop layer (ESL), resulting in increased mobility in the top‐gate‐controlled performance.

None of the new eunicellin‐based diterpenoids (I)—(IV) is found to possess significant cytotoxicity and antiinflammatory activity.

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