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BACKGROUND Although 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists are clinically more effective in controlling emesis, particularly that caused by high dose cisplatin, than previously available agents, they appear to be less effective against nausea. This report focuses on the effectiveness of these agents against nausea and emesis in patients receiving two moderately emetogenic combination chemotherapy regimens as treatment for breast carcinoma in community practice settings. METHODS Six hundred ninety‐two breast carcinoma patients (688 female, 4 male; mean age, 51 years) enrolled in a nonrandomized study completed the Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis (MANE) following 4 consecutive chemotherapy treatments. The frequency, duration, and severity of postchemotherapy nausea (PN) and postchemotherapy emesis (PE) were compared by type of antiemetic (5‐HT3 receptor antagonist vs. other) and chemotherapy regimen (cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin with or without 5‐fluorouracil [CA/CAF] vs. cyclophosphamide, methrotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil [CMF]). RESULTS Within each regimen, the mean duration of PN was significantly longer for patients who received a 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist than for those who were not given an antiemetic of that type (CA: 40.3 hours vs. 29.6 hours, P < 0.05; CMF: 37.6 hours vs. 30.2 hours, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the frequency or severity of nausea or in the frequency, severity, or duration of emesis by type of antiemetic for patients receiving either regimen. CONCLUSIONS The results of this observational study suggest that 5‐HT3 receptor antagonists are no more effective than other commonly used medications in controlling postchemotherapy nausea and emesis in women with breast carcinoma who are treated with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy in community practice settings. In fact, they may be associated with significant prolongation of the course of postchemotherapy nausea. Cancer 1999;86:64–71. © 1999 American Cancer Society.

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The nuclear factor I (NFI) family members, especially NFIA and NFIB, play essential roles in cancers. The roles of NFIA and NFIB in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) remain poorly known. This study aimed to determine the expression of NFIA and NFIB in ESCC and EJA and elucidate their prognostic significance. The expression of NFIA and NFIB was examined in 163 ESCC samples and 26 EJA samples by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that high NFIA expression correlated significantly with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage in patients with ESCC. High NFIB expression only correlated with poor differentiation in patients with ESCC. Survival analysis showed that NFIA but not NFIB associated with short overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of patients with ESCC. On the other hand, high NFIB expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, advanced TNM stage, and short OS and DFS in patients with EJA. Finally, multivariate analysis demonstrated that high NFIA expression was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC. Taken together, these results demonstrated that NFIA and NFIB could serve as prognostic indicators for ESCC and EJA, respectively.