Aims: This study sets to discover the socio-environmental factors as determinants of social well-being of adolescents in foster homes in Southwestern Nigeria. Study Design: This study was a descriptive survey. Study Area: The study was carried out in the six States in Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Study participants were selected among adolescents in foster homes using stratified, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques, the data collection was done using Questionnaire (which contained three separate standardized instruments: Socio-Environmental Factors Scale (SEFS), Social Well-Being Scale (SWBS) and Adolescent Fostering Questionnaire (AFQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: The results showed that peer influence, academic performance and attitude of the foster family were significant to social wellbeing of the adolescents. This result shows that although all the components of social factors correlated with the social well-being of the fostered adolescents, there is an insignificant relationship between social well-being and environmental factors of the fostered adolescents. Some (24.5%) of the adolescents saw their neighbors as very supportive and friendly and are welcoming to them. 13.7% were unable to decide on their neighbor’s character towards them 7.7% noticed their neighbors pitying them always, although most of them cannot say their minds out. Conclusion: Fostered adolescents undergo more challenges within the child welfare system that may further compromise their social well-being. Adolescents in foster care, are exposed to risk factors such as poverty and maltreatment, which negatively affect their social skills. Providing safe, stable, and nurturing homes for the adolescents may wane the deleterious effects of their experiences by exposing them to protective factors that can encourage resilience.

Background: The need to understand factors influencing non-compliance with the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) will go a long way in addressing the issue in Nigeria. However, this study was aimed at assessing the attitude of diabetic patients and factors affecting their level of compliance to the management of DM among clinic attendees at Jericho Specialist Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study using a two-stage sampling technique. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on two hundred and twenty respondents. The attitude was scored on a 5-point scale where <3 and >3 were categorized as negative and positive attitudes respectively. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 21 using descriptive statistics.Results: Mean age of respondents was 49.7±10.3 years and 27.8% were male. Some (32.1%) of the respondents had a negative attitude towards the management of DM. Many 66.5%) disagreed to not bother about the outcome of their disease because they know they will get over it, 100.0% disagreed that the impact of diabetes on their lifestyle is negligible, and 65.6% agreed that they did not like people to know about their status. Amidst all the factors influencing compliance to the management of diabetes among patients with DM, drugs ranked highest with 98.1% followed by frustration due to long treatment and being tempted by inappropriate foods and drinks accounting for 83.5% and 81.1% respectively.Conclusions: There was generally a good attitude on diabetes management. However, there is a need for special programs to encourage compliance by the government.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus has emerged as one of the most challenging public health problems in the 21st century, it is a serious public health problem that threatens the quality of life of patients which can lead to acute and chronic complications. This study, therefore, assessed knowledge and level of diabetes management compliance among clinic attendees at Jericho specialist hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study that employed a two-stage sampling technique was designed to fill this gap. The records revealed that the ratio of males to females was 1:3, the respondents were stratified by gender, so the proportion of females and males selected was based on the aforementioned ratios.  Systematic random sampling was then used in selecting respondents who chose to participate in the study using the list of males and females in the hospital register who was at the clinic on the day of the interview as sampling frames. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on two hundred and twenty respondents. Knowledge scores of ≤7, >7 was rated poor and good respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean age was 49.7±10.29 years which many (72.2%) were female. Almost all the respondents (98.2%) had good knowledge of compliance with the management of diabetes. Many (74.1%) ascertained that they sometimes forget to take their diabetes drugs. Meanwhile, most (82.5%) reported that taking medication every day is a real inconvenience for some people as they could get annoyed about sticking to their blood glucose treatment plan. Conclusion: There was generally good knowledge on the compliance to diabetes management which there is a need to consider the certain sociodemographic factors of the patients before recommending management.