Silicone injection therapy plays a significant, but limited, role in soft tissue augmentation. It is confined only to a tissue defect, folds, and deep wrinkles of the face. It is important to use only a small amount of injectable silicone (1-2 ml) in one area of the face at a time. Massage is applied over the injected area for 5-6 minutes. The following side effects and complications are observed: diminished volume, descending of silicone fluid due to the gravity, and silicone granuloma formation. Liquid silicone should be available, for the time being, only to surgeons for experimental purposes, because of the danger of complications and abuse. In this experimental study, the author applied 1,677 silicone injections (only in the face).

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Beginning in the 19th century, there appeared for the first time in the Hterature observations on the movement of the intrinsic laryn geal muscles of animals, obtained by cortical electrical stimulation.Bouillaud^ was probably the first to report that he was able to provoke barking upon stimulation of the dog's brain.Ferrier'^ stimulated the precrucial gyrus of the brain and ob tained movement of the tongue and mouth.Munk^^ presented a most interesting finding for that period; by stimulating the precrucial gyrus with a weak electrical stimulus, he was able to obtain contraction of the soft palate, tongue and neck muscles. When stronger electrical stimulation was applied, adduction of the vocal folds was obtained. Using unipolar electrodes, he was able, at times, to show ipsilateral contraction of the vocal folds, and with bipolar electrodes he got bilateral adduction. Adduction was confirmed when he inserted a finger into the larynx and was able to feel contraction of the vocal folds.Krause^"'^* confirmed the data reported by Munk. Electrical stimulation of a particular area of the precrucial gyrus of the dog provoked movement of the lingual and pharyngeal muscles that was

Cortical representation of the vestibular nerve has been a problem for the neurophysiologist, since there are no anatomic proofs of the labyrintho-cerebral pathways. Physiological observations of the vestibular influence on the cerebral cortex are far from unanimous. However, electrophysiological studies, using evoked-potentials technique, have proven the existence of a cortical vestibular projection. This area has been localized in the temporal lobe, according to different authors. Recently, many others described the vestibular area to be anterior to the first auditory area and posterior to the somatic area, primarily in the anterior suprasylvian an l ectosylvian gyrus. The conclusions are, however, controversial as to the exact size and localization of the cortical center, or centers. and its ipsilateral or contralateral representation. The present investigation was performed on cats anesthetized with α-chloralose, in order to develop a new surgical approach to the vestibular nerve through the vestibule and to eliminate the possibility of propagation of electrical current through the intermediate nerve or auditory fibers. The effect of vestibular-nerve stimulation upon the cerebral cortex was studied ipsilaterally and contralaterally, and compared with findings of other authors.