Intravitreal cilia should be considered in penetrating eye injuries even in phakic eyes with no radiological evidence of IOFB, especially if associated with endophthalmitis. B-scan ultrasonography may aid detection of intravitreal cilia and thus alter clinical management.

Meticulous rapid dissection of adherent, diaphanous 'epiretinal' membrane around the macular hole, combined with gas tamponade and postoperative posturing, result in successful anatomical closure with improved visual acuity.

We share Davis, Wilkins and Elliott's concern for reducing pain and discomfort after vitreoretinal surgeryl and read with interest their conclusion that the topical instillation of 0.5% bupivacaine into the surgical field prior to conjunctival closure was ineffective in reducing post-operative pain and analgesic requirements.We have recently conducted a comparable study We would recommend the infiltration of a total of 4 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine evenly divided between the bellies and external sheaths of all exposed rectus muscles (i.e. 1-2 ml per muscle) at the end of a scleral buckling procedure as a safe, effective and complication-free technique for reducing post-opera tive pain and analgesic requirements in patients following scleral buckling procedures.