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A new low-cost test method for analog integrated circuits, called the oscillation test, is presented. During the test mode, the circuit under test (CUT) is converted to a circuit that oscillates. Faults in the CUT which deviate the oscillation frequency from its tolerance band can be detected. Using this test method, no test vector is required to be applied. Therefore, the test vector generation problem is eliminated, and the test time is very small because only a single output frequency is evaluated for each CUT. The oscillation frequency may be considered as a digital signal and therefore can be evaluated using pure digital circuitry. These characteristics imply that the oscillation-test strategy is very attractive for wafer-probe testing as well as final production testing. In this note, the validity of the proposed test method has been verified throughout various examples such as operational amplifiers, amplifiers, filters, and analog-todigital converters (ADC's). The simulations and practical implementation results affirm that the presented method assures a high fault coverage.

Metallic nanohole arrays (NHAs) with a high hole density have emerged with potential applications for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) including the detection of analytes at ultra-low concentrations. However, these NHA structures generally yield weak localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) which is a prerequisite for SERS measurements. In this work, a compact three-dimensional (3D) tunable plasmonic cavity with extraordinary optical transmission properties serves as a molecular sensor with sub-femtomolar detection. The 3D nanosensor consists of a gold film containing a NHA with an underlying cavity and a gold nanocone array at the bottom of the cavity. These nanosensors provide remarkable surface plasmon polariton (SPP) and LSPR coupling resulting in a significantly improved detection performance. The plasmonic tunability is evaluated both experimentally and theoretically. A SERS limit of detection of 10-16 M for 4-Nitrothiophenol (4-NTP) is obtained along with 28 distribution mapping of the molecule on the 3D plasmonic nanosensor. This results in an 29 improved SERS enhancement factor (EF) of 10 6 obtained from a femtolitre plasmonic cavity 30 volume. The tunability of these sensors can give rise to a potential opportunity for use in optical 31 trapping while providing SERS sensing of a molecule of interest. 32