frequently fails even to realise that he has any real problems. This chapter sets out clearly the varying depths at which one can work, and also indicates means by which adequate motivation can be established and points out ‘¿ that with few exceptions the therapist must take major responsibility for maintaining the flow of communication with his adolescent patients'. The author is well aware of how few therapists find adolescents ‘¿ easy clients' and goes into many points in considerable detail under sub-headings such as, activity, directness, genuineness, understanding, liking and interest. The problems connected with the involvement of the parents in treatment situations are also well covered. This book has a good index. There are some floo references, which allow the reader to look up the author's exact sources. It is a book which can be strongly recommended to all senior registrars, educational psychologists and social workers en gaged in therapy with adolescents. Many books on psychology today are wordy and use very in volved ‘¿ conceptualisations'. By contrast this book is in style clear, objective and a pleasure to read.

No abstract

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)July 2013 (From -To) 15 5e. TASK NUMBER 5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER REPORT TYPE Annual DATES COVERED PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) University of Florida AND ADDRESS(ES) PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBERGainesville, Fl 32611-5500 SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) U.S. Army Medical Research and MaAnd Material Command Fort Detrick, Maryland SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT 21702-5012 NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release: distribution unlimited SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTWe examined whether chronic exposure to combinations of two neurotoxicants (chlorpyrifos and permethrin) with pyridostigmine bromide (PB) could produce a delayed neuropathic pain condition in rats; and whether corresponding molecular changes would occur in nociceptive neurons coding for pain in skin, muscle or vasculature. Following a 60 day exposure to neurotoxicants/PB (NTPB), we observed molecular dysfunctions in membrane Kv (Kv7) and Nav (Nav1.8, Nav1.9) proteins that persisted 8 weeks after exposure had ended. Functional changes (spontaneous activity, action potential duration) were also documented. Most of the maladaptations were present in vascular nociceptors. The physical location of vascular nociceptive neurons renders them most exposed to concentrations of circulating neurotoxicants/PB as well as to any blood borne secondary influences (endocrine, immune) these agents might induce. As a result, vascular nociceptors could be the first nervous system component damaged by neurotoxicants/PB. An imbalance between Kv 7 and other Na + channel proteins (Nav1.9) could prove to be a basis for a chronic pain condition sourced from a vulnerable subset of vascular nociceptors. A resulting neurovascular reflex dysfunction could cause widespread pain and also contribute to the development of CNS symptoms that have been identified in Gulf War veterans. . The events leading to the development of GWI pain are unknown, but it has been reported that the use of pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and a variety of insecticides/repellants co-var...

No abstract