The purpose of this study is to compare the yields and yield components of 3 winter small grain cereals (wheat ('NS 40S'), oat ('NS Jadar') and rye ('NS Savo')) grown in conventional and organic production systems. The experiment was conducted as a block design with three replicates at the Bački Petrovac experiment field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in 2016/2017. The fertilization of conventional cereals examined was based on mineral fertilization, whereas foliar fertilizers with green microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) were applied in the organic production system. The results obtained indicate differences in the number of organic and conventional plants per m 2 , particularly in the instance of winter wheat (277/m 2 in the organic production system and 545/m 2 in conventional production system). Relative to all the cereals observed, significantly higher grain yields per ha were determined in the conventional production system as a result of the mineral nitrogen addition. The research has shown that soil fertility and cultural practices play a decisive role in realizing the full yield potential of winter small grain cereals cultivated in the organic farming system.

Changing climate conditions coupled with the transformations of cultivation practices and land use in sole crop-based sunflower production may significantly decline yield stability of this oilseed crop. Given that sunflower takes the third place in the world oilseed market, with 45 million tons per year, and in the fourth place in vegetable oil production, it is necessary to adapt production technologies toward sustainable agriculture. Considering that, the goal of the research was to analyze and beneficial sustainable production technology of sunflower in intercropping systems. A four-year trial was conducted in Serbia’s agroecological rain-fed conditions (45°34’23.2"N 19°86’18.9"E) using a split-plot design. Two oil types and one confectionary sunflower hybrid were intercropped with common vetch, red clover and alfalfa. Analyses showed that intercropping of sunflower with common vetch resulted in the decrease in almost all sunflower trait values. Also, sunflower × alfalfa intercropping provided to be the most appropriate. The yield of NS Gricko and Rimi PR were statistically on the same level with sole cropping, while alfalfa biomass had better results when intercropped with NS Gricko as compared to sole cropping. Concerning the general belief that yields are more stable in intercropping than in sole crop, further research in this respect is needed, in addition to the research of time and method of sowing.

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