No abstract

A methodology is suggested for modeling the phase equilibria of complex chemical mixtures with an equation of state (EoS) for the case where only limited experimental data exist. The complex hydrogen bonding behavior is explicitly accounted for and the corresponding parameters are adopted from simpler molecules of similar chemical structure and/or are fitted to Hansen's partial solubility parameters. The methodology is applied to modeling the solubility of three pharmaceuticals, namely acetanilide, phenacetin, and paracetamol, using the nonrandom hydrogen bonding (NRHB) EoS. In all cases, accurate correlations were obtained. The prediction ability of the approach was evaluated against predictions from the COSMO‐RS model. A thorough discussion is made for the appropriate modeling of solid solubility considering the effect of the difference of the heat capacities of the solute in liquid and solid state, ΔCp = Cpl − Cps, in the determination of solid chemical potential and, also, of the polymorphism of drugs. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009

Die Selbstorganisation vorgebildeter Alumosilicat‐Nanocluster in Gegenwart von Micellen als Template ermöglicht es, stark saure, unter hydrothermalen Bedingungen stabile mesoporöse Alumosilicate mit geordneten hexagonalen Strukturen herzustellen (MAS‐5). Dieses Beta‐Zeolith‐ähnliche Material zeigt eine hohe katalytische Aktivität beim Cracken von 1,3,5‐Triisopropylbenzol.

Background:The combination of facial rhytidectomy and full-face carbon dioxide laser resurfacing would theoretically provide for superior aesthetic rejuvenation of the face, but some reports have advised against this combination (particularly using chemical peel). However, significant differences exist between previous studies of combination therapy.Objective: To evaluate these differences and determine protocol for care and carbon dioxide laser settings for resurfacing when done in combination with fullface rhytidectomy.Design: (1) A case series of 30 patients treated in a private practice over 26 months with simultaneous rhytidectomy and full-face laser resurfacing; (2) a metaanalysis of 3 1 ⁄2 years of literature reporting the same combination procedure (453 patients). Variables evaluated include rhytidectomy technique, laser type and settings, postoperative care, complications, and outcome analyses.Outcome Measures: Rate of postoperative complications, premorbidity, previous surgery, concurrent procedures, postoperative dressings, and follow-up status.Selection: Referred sample patients were determined by the single operating surgeon who performed all procedures. For literature meta-analysis, only peer-reviewed studies of simultaneous rhytidectomy and full-face laser resurfacing from January 1997 through May 2000 were included.Results: Among the 30 patients treated over our 26month case series accession period, there was no evidence of flap loss, skin slough, infection (viral or cellulitic), or hypopigmentation. Settings for laser resurfacing were determined. Of the 453 patients included in our meta-analysis, 1 (a smoker) sustained a 2-cm fullthickness flap necrosis, and 4 sustained varying degrees of skin slough in the postauricular area without fullthickness necrosis. The complication rate did not differ from that of rhytidectomy alone. Conclusion:Simultaneous rhytidectomy and full-face carbon dioxide laser resurfacing can safely provide a dual cosmetic benefit option for aesthetic rejuvenation of the face.