AbstrakIndonesia adalah salah satu dari negara tropis dunia yang memiliki kekayaan biodiversitas yang sangat tinggi. Salah satu kawasan yang memiliki biodiversitas tinggi dan dijadikan cagar alam adalah Meru Betiri. Kawasan ini tidak hanya terkenal dengan perlindungan terhadap Harimau Jawa, tetapi juga berbagai keindahan panorama alam dan lokasi hutan hujan tropis yang masih terlindung, salah satunya adalah wilayah Bandealit. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan jalur strategis yang dapat disarankan sebagai jalur birdwatching di Bandealit. Pengamatan dilakukan selama dua hari, yaitu pada tanggal 16-17 Nopember 2012. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan menjelajahi jalur-jalur yang dinilai berpotensi sebagai lokasi pengembangan birdwatching. Selain itu, juga dilakukan wawancara terhadap orang-orang kunci untuk mengetahui fluktuasi jumlah spesies di kawasan, konfirmasi jenis, serta mencari informasi terkait spesies yang belum dapat ditemukan. Kami telah menentukan tiga jalur yang berpotensi sebagai jalur birdwatching, yaitu Muara Timur (jalur 1), Savana (jalur 2), dan Lintasan Satwa (jalur 3). Jalur 1 tidak direkomendasikan karena kuantitas dan kualitas spesies yang ditemukan tidak terlalu baik. Jalur 2 dan jalur 3 direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan wisata birdwatching di Bandealit. Kata kunci: Bandealit, birdwatching, jalur birdwatching ABSTRACT Indonesia is one of the world's tropical countries that have high biodiversity. This area is not only famous for Javan Tiger protection, but also presents a variety of beautiful natural scenery and location of tropical rainforest that is still protected, one of them is Bandealit. This study aimed to determine the strategic path that can be recommended as a birdwatching path in

A spring is a place where water comes out of the ground seepage, seeps into the soil, then flows through cracks, gaps or natural tracts. Springs (sumber, tuk, umbulan, belik) are used to extract water by local people. This study was aimed at uncovering the knowledge about the types of sacred trees which supported the traditional conservation for water spring in Malang regency. The survey was carried out directly by taking three specimens in the spring environment. Interviews were conducted in person, in-depth, semi-structurally to the local community and tribe leaders. This study contained also the description of the diversity of sacred tree species which supported water spring in Malang Regency, East Java. The results of the study recorded 41 types of 27 genera and 20 families. The diversity of sacred tree species that are believed to be sacred include: ringin (Ficusbenyamina), lo (Ficusglomerata), serut (Streblusasper), ipik-ipik (Ficusprocera), ilat-ilat (Ficuscallosa), bendo (Artocarpuselastica), jambuklampokwatu (Syzygiumlittorale), aren (Arengapinnata), gayam (Inocarpusfagifer), cangkring (Erythrinafusca). The types of water spring supporter are: bambuori (Bambusablumeana), bambubetung (Dendrocalamusasper), bambuapus (Gigantochloaapus), and of the familiaApocynaceae (Ervatamiasphaerocarpa), kecrutan (Spathodeacampanulata), warugunung (Hibiscus similis) etc. The existence of those meaningful trees is a symbol of the existence of a spring and the start of sustainable culture and customs in Malang Raya. Thus, petrenneeds to get the recognition as a longer, traditional conservation model from the government especially from the local government in a form of village regulation. Preserving the springs and environment is a local wisdom of the people of Malang regency, in an effort to preserve traditional conservation and harmony with the lives of other organisms. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2020, 6(3): 425-430

The aim of this research was to evaluate the diversity of plant species along the tourist trails to Mt. Lamongan and combat any misconceptions about ecosystem restoration and the ecotourism development program in Mt. Lamongan. A floristic survey was done through flora identification along the hiking trail from the gate of Mt. Lamongan nature recreation area in Papringan Village to the slopes of Mt. Lamongan. The identified species were listed and their taxonomic status analyzed using information from the GRIN website. This study found that exotic plant species are abundant along the tourist tract. Human activities were identified as contributing to the introduction and establishment of exotic plant species. Result of the research indicate that restoration knowledge and techniques do not exist in the Mt. Lamongan region. A comprehensive evaluation of flora should be implemented to enhance the restoration program and protect forest area, especially the tourist corridor to the peak of Mt. Lamongan. Integrated actions to enhance restoration and promote tourism are needed. It encompasses strengthening the restoration concept and technology, eradication of exotic plant species, and establishing a proper tourism interpretive tract.To cite this article: Hakim, L., Rahardi, B. and Rachmansyah, A. 2018. Checklist of flora along tourist trails to Mt. Lamongan, East Java (Indonesia): misconception of restoration and ecotourism programs in mountain region? J.

Relationship construction has a very important position in classification process for arranging taxonomy of organism. In the world of taxonomy, there are two the most familiar relationship diagram, cladogram and phenogram. In every construction activity, a researcher is always facing character state data from taxa that becomes components of the diagram. Calculation that is used for construction is often incorporate iterative or repetitive process that needs time and precision. The existence of calculating tools that produces both text and graphical output are hopefully decrease time and error during construction. Basic algorithm that is used in calculation is for phylogenetic construction by Kluge and Farris in 1969,for phenetic construction using cluster analysis with slight modification. Basic common algorithm used in the software is by calculating two dimensional arrays of taxa x characters matrix and creating distance or similarity matrix. In more detail the program creates one dimensional array of taxonomical object and each object has some other one dimensional array containing data commonly exist in a taxonomic unit. The relationship between one object and theother are regulated by an object that created by class representing taxonomic tree. Cladogram is constructed by calculating nearest distance between each taxon (OTU) and creating one HTU in every bifurcation. Phenogram is constructed agglomeratively by searching highest similarity between taxon then grouped into new taxon. Program calculates numerical data after we do character scoring. Final result for each user may be different; this may be due to decision by user during construction process. This paper hopefully attracts people from systematic computation to develop further into open source software and multi-platform feature.

ABSTRAKSeiring dengan perkembangan budaya, baik tradisional maupun modern (bioteknologi), penggunaan bahan pandan, dapat dijumpai di masyarakat, pasar tradisional, telah mengalami pergeseran karena digantikan oleh bahan lain, seperti tali oleh plastik, topi dari bahan kain. Kajian etnobotani dilakukan dengan pengumpulan secara "etnodirect sampling" yaitu teknik wawancara langsung maupun semi struktural. Metode yang dilakukan pada anatomi pandan meliputi: metode ekstraksi serat, pembuatan preparat melintang dan membujur daun, pengukuran panjang dan kekuatan serat daun dan pembuatan preparat melintang dan membujur akar tunjang. Tujuan jangka panjang penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan database pandan (Pandanaceae) yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk melakukan manejemen sumber daya pandan (Pandanaceae) guna pelestariannya di Jawa Timur, sehingga mendukung fungsinya secara ekologis dan dihasilkan juga pembudidayaan jenis pandan lainnya yang juga berpotensi. Adapun tujuan jangka pendeknya adalah untuk mendapatkan jenis pandan (Pandanaceae) yang bermanfaat untuk dikembangkan sebagai kerajinan yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan taraf ekonomi masyarakat Jawa Timur melalui struktur anatomi. Ketiga jenis Pandan yaitu P. tectorus, P. labyrinthicus dan P. furcatus memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan tali tampar dan kerajinan. Potensi Pengrajin kerajinan berbasis tanaman serat masih dapat dikembangkan untuk mengembangkan kerajinan Pandan.