In clinical trials, dabrafenib plus trametinib improved overall survival (OS) compared with single-agent BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) in patients with BRAF V600-mutant unresectable or metastatic melanoma. We investigated dabrafenib plus trametinib therapy in a compassionate-use setting [Named Patient Program (NPP); DESCRIBE II]. A retrospective chart review of patients with BRAF V600-mutated unresectable stage III/IV melanoma receiving dabrafenib plus trametinib as compassionate use was conducted. Treatment patterns and duration, clinical outcomes, and tolerability were evaluated. Of 271 patients, 92.6% had stage IV melanoma, including 36.5% with brain metastases. Overall, 162 patients (59.8%) were BRAFi naive and 171 (63.1%) received first-line dabrafenib plus trametinib. Among BRAFi-naive patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 67.3%, median OS (mOS) was 20.0 months, and median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 7.5 months. In BRAFi-naive patients with known brain metastases (n = 62), ORR was 61.3%, mOS was 15.5 months, and mPFS was 6.2 months. Eighty-four patients received BRAFi monotherapy for >30 days and switched to dabrafenib plus trametinib prior to progression. Of these 84 patients, 63 had known disease status at the time of switch, and 22 improved with the combination therapy. No new safety signals were identified, and dabrafenib plus trametinib was well tolerated. Dabrafenib plus trametinib showed substantial clinical activity in NPP patients with BRAF V600-mutated unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Analysis of treatment patterns demonstrated the effectiveness of the combination in patients with brain metastases and across lines of therapy with a well tolerated and manageable safety profile.

(1) Background: Intravesical instillation of therapeutic Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the standard of treatment for non-muscular invasive bladder cancer. Although the exact immunomodulatory effects of BCG therapy in non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are still unclear, it has been considered a safe and effective treatment with the largest to-date report of complications citing minimal side effects, none of which included arterial involvement; (2) Methods: A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, and Google Scholar from database inception to March 2021. Only eligible studies reporting aneurysm formation in adult patients with a history of BCG immunotherapy and no previous vascular pathology were included; (3) Results: A systematic literature review was conducted, highlighting 17 reports suggestive of BCG-induced mycotic aneurysm development. We added a case of a 78-year-old male, 30 months after last BCG-instillation, with a mycotic abdominal aneurysm yielding Mycobacterium tuberculosis with pyrazinamide resistance culture.; (4) Conclusions: Concluding results suggest a higher incidence of vascular complications from BCG intravesical therapy in the treatment of non-muscular invasive bladder cancer than previously reported. Recommendations are made to emphasize further research of this immunotherapy complication to facilitate the creation of guidelines for diagnosis and management of these patients.

The potential benefits of deploying an effective integrity monitoring system on pipelines are well understood. FFT has just released a significant/new, cost-effective third party interference (TPI) detection system specifically designed for the pipeline industry. It employs patented fibre optic sensors and propriety software to give real-time, full-time protection against all forms of third party interference over the whole length of the pipeline. It detects the location of each intrusion event to within 50 m, no matter how long the pipeline is. To our knowledge, there are no other systems available with the combined features of our system.

Introduction:The rate of cesarean section (CS) delivery continues to trend upwards. The popularity of the intrauterine device (IUD) parallels this upward trend. Instances of IUD displacement into a CS scar have been rarely reported. The incidence, effects, and management of such a specific IUD displacement could be worth exploring in both asymptomatic and symptomatic patients.Case Report: We present a case of IUD displacement into a CS scar in a symptomatic patient. A 41-yearold woman with a surgical history of three cesarean sections presented for a removal and replacement of her levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD). After an uncomplicated removal and replacement, the patient's replacement IUD was found displaced at the level of the CS scar via a trans-vaginal ultrasound (TVUS). No further intervention with this replacement IUD occurred due to lack of symptoms.Two years later, the patient had menstrual irregularities and pelvic pain associated with the IUD displacement, warranting its removal and replacement. In the weeks following this second removal and replacement with a