<span lang="EN-US">Competitive asset markets and increased globalization have continued to ripple the food value chain with complex dynamics, which has led to a range of challenges such as food safety and quality, traceability, and overall supply chain inefficiency. These have further continued to endanger the general well-being of society. With rice as a staple food in Nigeria, the rice food supply value chain consists of a series of tasks, processes, and activities that are linked together from freshly harvested products to consumer demand and supply. Study advances the SmartRice, a sensor-based block-chain framework that decentralizes as well as provides a decision-support for the food supply value chain process by first ensuring that accurate data of harvested goods are reported, and passed on to a chain. The study advances a decentralized framework to eliminate various forms of fraud rippled across the existing centralized system, minimize corruption through its sensor-based layered model as well as minimize the error in reported data along the value chain.</span>

Access ease, mobility, portability, and improved speed have continued to ease the adoption of computing devices; while, consequently proliferating phishing attacks. These, in turn, have created mixed feelings in increased adoption and nosedived users’ trust level of devices. The study recruited 480-students, who were exposed to socially-engineered attack directives. Attacks were designed to retrieve personal data and entice participants to access compromised links. We sought to determine the risks of cybercrimes among the undergraduates in selected Nigerian universities, observe students’ responses and explore their attitudes before/after each attack. Participants were primed to remain vigilant to all forms of scams as we sought to investigate attacks’ influence on gender, students’ status, and age to perceived safety on susceptibility to phishing. Results show that contrary to public beliefs, age, status, and gender were not among the factors associated with scam susceptibility and vulnerability rates of the participants. However, the study reports decreased user trust levels in the adoption of these new, mobile computing devices.

In this observational quasi-experimental study, we recruited 200 participants during the Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun’s (FUPRE) orientation, who were exposed to socially engineered (phishing) attacks over nine months. Attacks sought to extract participants’ data and/or entice them to click (compromised) links. The study aims to determine phishing exposure and risks among undergraduates in FUPRE (Nigeria) by observing their responses to socially-engineered attacks and exploring their attitudes to cybercrime risks before and after phishing attacks. The study primed all students in place of cybercrime awareness to remain vigilant to scams and explored the various scam types with their influence on gender, age, status, and their perceived safety on susceptibility to scams. Results show that contrary to public beliefs, these factors have all been found to be associated with scam susceptibility and vulnerability of the participants.

In our exploratory quasi-experimental study, 480-student were recruited and exposed to social engineering directives during a university orientation week. The directives phishing attacks were performed for 10 months in 2021. The contents attempted to elicit personal user-data from participants, enticing them to click compromised links. The study aimed to determine cybercrime risks among undergraduates in selected universities in Nigeria, observe responses to socially-engineered attacks, and explore their attitudes to cybercrime risks before/after such attacks. The study generalized that all participants have great deal awareness of cybercrime, and also primed all throughout study to remain vigilant to scams. The study explores various types of scam and its influence on students’ gender and age on perceived safety on susceptibility to phishing scams. Results show that contrary to public beliefs, none of these factors were associated with scam susceptibility and vulnerability rates of the participants.