The objective of this study was to define whether IL-6 is an early marker of infection in the newborn. To correlate the occurrence of clinical chorioamnionitis with the levels of IL-6 expression in neonates, IL-6 was measured in cord plasma by ELISA and in mononuclear cells by reverse transcriptase-PCR before and after mitogenic stimulation. Eight neonates were included in each of the following four groups: elective cesarean section, uncomplicated normal spontaneous vaginal delivery, delivery after prolonged rupture of amniotic membranes with no evidence of chorioamnionitis, and delivery with evidence of chorioamnionitis. All 32 neonates were clinically well after delivery, and all 16 babies with prolonged rupture of membranes or clinical chorioamnionitis had negative blood cultures. Elevated IL-6 levels were found only in neonates born to mothers with chorioamnionitis (119.7 +/- 33.5 pg/mL versus 2.71 +/- 0.59 pg/mL, p < 0.005). Mononuclear cells from five of these neonates expressed no IL-6 mRNA in vivo despite elevated levels of IL-6 in their cord plasma. Cord blood mononuclear cells from healthy term babies were capable of synthesizing IL-6 in vitro in response to stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that IL-6 levels in cord plasma increased with clinical chorioamnionitis, despite the lack of evidence of infection in the neonates. Therefore, we conclude that, although a high level of IL-6 may be a good marker of chorioamnionitis, it may not be a specific marker of infection in the newborn.

Typical university teaching and learning management information systems suffer from issues with information retention, accuracy, and query time. Accordingly, this study proposes an Android-based university education management information system. By looking into the needs of college's education system and information management, the principles of system design is determined and the structural design of the college's education system and information management is carried out. By analyzing the complexity of education management system in colleges and universities, investigation of information is determined in an effective manner so that priority and processing of the system is effective. [10] Ultimately, the RDBMS model aims to complete the design of the education system in our project COLLAT. Comparative surveys are designed to verify the effectiveness of this strategy. The results calculated experimentally shows that this strategy can successfully improve the retrieval and accuracy of information while decreasing the query time. Android uses a communication method. The main objective is to develop an Android-based mobile application to help advance institutional and academic systems. Students, teachers, and parents will all use the app. In the old method, all knowledge was stored on a hard disk or on a website.At the same time, when searching for information, it is difficult to access it, and the actual website visit time is longer.To overcome this, an Android-based Smartphone app is needed to make the process easier, safer, and less error-prone. The system will provide more efficient information. When sensitive data is kept on the device, our application ensures its safe storage.