We aimed to assess the factors associated with frequent sadness and nervousness in Brazilian adolescents, during the Covid-19 pandemic, in 9470 adolescents (aged 12–17 years), interviewed from June 27 to September 17, 2020. Prevalences and prevalence ratios were estimated according to socio-demographic variables and factors related to family, school, friends, and health. Brazilian adolescents often felt sad (32.4%) and nervous (48.7%). Higher prevalences of these feelings were related to: being female; aged 15–17 year; from families with financial difficulties; having learned little or nothing with remote education; missing friends; having few friends; family disagreements; having regular/bad health before the pandemic; and worsened health and sleep during the pandemic. Higher prevalence of nervousness was also found in adolescents who worked before the pandemic and those who reported lack of concentration and not knowing if they had COVID-19. Sadness and nervousness in Brazilian adolescents is high and the need for action by the government, schools, health services, and parents to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on the physical and mental health of adolescents. Special attention must be paid to adolescents with previous health problems and those belonging to the most socially vulnerable population.

Bruxism is described as rhythmic, repetitive activity of the jaw muscles characterized by clenching and/or grinding the teeth during sleep and/or while awake (Lobbezoo et al., 2018). The masticatory system is involved in vital functions, such as chewing, swallowing, and speaking (Okeson, 2008). Bruxism can exert a negative impact on this system and is indicated to be one of the potential factors involved in temporomandibular disorder, abnormal tooth wear, pain in the masticatory muscles, fractured restorations, and the loss of dental implants (Ciancaglini et al., 2001;Lobezoo et al., 2006). These possible musculoskeletal and dental effects demonstrate the clinical relevance of this disorder (Lobezoo et al., 2006). According to population-based studies, the prevalence of selfreported bruxism assessed using questionnaires was 8.6% among

Introdução: com a finalidade de preservar o órgão dentário e, assim, colaborar para um adequado funcionamento do sistema estomatognático, deve-se considerar que, nas circunstâncias em que o tratamento endodôntico convencional não obtém os resultados desejados, é preciso recorrer à cirurgia parendodôntica, de forma a remover todas as causas da persistência da lesão periapical, bem como em muitos casos solucionar o problema do paciente, devolvendo-lhe a saúde e o bem-estar. Relato de caso: paciente do sexo masculino, 27 anos de idade, apresentava o incisivo lateral superior direito (#12) com exsudação persistente, mesmo após a instrumentação do canal radicular e trocas de medicação intracanal realizada com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio. No presente caso clínico, optou-se como forma de tratamento pela cirurgia parendodôntica com obturação do canal radicular simultânea ao ato cirúrgico. Após curetagem da lesão e apicectomia, realizou-se a obturação do canal radicular com agregado trióxido mineral (5 mm apicais) via câmara pulpar. Resultados: o exame histopatológico apontou um cisto infectado secundariamente. Conclusão: as técnicas cirúrgicas empregadas foram adequadas para esse caso, o que ficou demonstrado tanto clínica quanto radiograficamente, através da neoformação óssea e da ausência de sintomatologia, evidenciando o sucesso do caso.

Background Bruxism is a relevant topic in public health, as it represents an increasingly frequent parafunctional activity and also for presenting musculoskeletal and dental effects affecting the health and well-being of the affected population. The reviewed literature shows that bruxism is associated with some health problems, but with multimorbidities has not yet been investigated. Objective To identify the association of bruxism with a multimorbidity pattern. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample composed of 1986 adults (≥20 years of age). This study used data from the Third Health Survey of the City of Campinas conducted in 2014 and 2015 (ISACamp 2014/15). A principal component analysis was performed to identify in which multimorbidity pattern, present in the population, bruxism is included. From this pattern, the variable number of diseases was created (0; 1; 2 to 4; 5 or more). The prevalence of bruxism was established according to this variable and associations were tested using the Rao-Scott chi-square test and Poisson regression. Results The factor analysis revealed three relevant patterns of multimorbidity in the population of Campinas. Bruxism was part of the pattern also composed of: asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, allergy, migraine/headache, emotional/mental problem, dizziness/vertigo and back pain. The prevalence of bruxism increased more than fivefold in the concomitant presence of five or more of these conditions (PR = 5.35;95%CI:3.35 to 8.45). Conclusions Knowledge about the association of bruxism with a pattern of multimorbidities can show the direction of health actions in multidisciplinary teamwork, prioritizing the reduction in harm caused by the simultaneous presence of health problems associated with bruxism. We also emphasize the possible role of bruxism as an indicator of multimorbidities, especially those associated with the pattern found. Key messages Bruxism was more associated with multimorbidities of the pattern composed of asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, dizziness/vertigo, migraine/headache, emotional/mental problem, back pain and allergy. The concomitant presence these conditions increased the prevalence of bruxism up to fivefold.

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