Resumo Para que as patentes possam ser utilizadas como mola propulsora da inovação, da competitividade e do progresso tecnológico, é necessário que o sistema opere com eficiência e qualidade. Há pesquisas que constataram que o Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI) não tem cumprido o mandamento constitucional da eficiência, haja vista o crônico atraso na análise de pedidos de patentes, que supera e muito a razoabilidade. O presente artigo se propõe a avançar em direção distinta e ainda pouco explorada. Seu objetivo é estudar o rigor do sistema patentário brasileiro no tocante às análises dos pedidos de patente para verificar se há nele uma crise de qualidade. Em caso positivo, esse achado reforçaria a necessidade de revisão do sistema, de modo que sua finalidade mediata (promoção do desenvolvimento econômico, social e tecnológico do país) possa ser alcançada. A literatura aponta que uma forma de avaliar a qualidade de um sistema patentário é determinar a taxa com que as decisões técnicas tomadas pelo escritório de patentes são contestadas na esfera jurídica. No Brasil, toda ação de nulidade de patente deve ser anotada na Revista de Propriedade Industrial (RPI) do INPI. Com base nessas informações, foi possível realizar uma investigação empírica inédita sobre a qualidade dos privilégios patentários concedidos no país. Sob a ótica deste trabalho, a qualidade da patente foi analisada sob o ponto de vista da observância legal dos critérios de patenteabilidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e explicativa, com caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, a qual se utilizou do método empírico e indutivo.

Studies on utility model patents have shown this as an alternative for rapid patent protection that contributes to promoting the country's economic development. Therefore, this research aims to propose a study of the utility model patent in the national patent system, aiming to know if this type of protection has served the purpose of innovative and technological evolution verified in countries with developing economies similar to Brazil. Regarding the methodology, this study is characterized by a quantitative exploratory study that was divided into two phases. The first phase was a bibliographic research related to utility model and the second phase was the analysis of applications for patents of invention and utility model. The results show that there is a greater amount of invention patent filings than utility model patent filings between 2000 and 2019. Also, it was noted that there is a significant decrease in the share of the utility model in the total of analyzed filings, as well as the PI deferral rate is higher than that of the MU in most of the cataloged years. As for the literature and jurisprudence analyzed, it was noticed that the inventive level required for the utility model patent is of lower intensity than that required for invention patents. Therefore, an accurate and objective definition of the inventive act requirement is suggested, in order to distinguish it precisely from the inventive step requirement, in order to speed up the analysis process and increase the demand for utility model patent filings.

In Brazil, the general rule is that the invention patent has a duration of 20 years and that of a utility model, 15 years, counted from the filing date of the patent application. However, if the examination of a patent of invention or utility model is not completed within 10 or 8 years, respectively, the sole paragraph of art. 40 of Law nº 9,279/96 - Industrial Property Law (LPI) determines a differentiated methodology for the calculation of the validity of the right. The standard in question provides that, in this case, the patent will be valid for at least ten years in the case of IP and seven years in the case of MU, counting from the date of the granting of patent (and not the file). The present paper deals with the problematic involved in the extension of the term of validity of patent in the hypothesis of administrative slowness of Brazilian Office (INPI) in the appraisal of the application. As the vast majority of patents are granted using the benefit provided in the sole paragraph of art. 40 of the LPI, it will be analyzed the social cost of the automatic extension of the term of validity of the patent in the post-patent segment (pharmaceuticals and agricultural pesticides). It was found that the accumulated loss of the public coffers only taking into account nine medicines purchased by public health system (SUS) in regular centralized purchases up to January 2016 was over R$ 2 billion. As for agricultural pesticides, there was an annual cost of approximately R$ 318 million for the group of eight patents that were extended with the application of the legal safeguard.

<p>O arcabouço normativo favorável constitui importante fator para a promoção da inovação em um país. Em 2004, com o advento da Lei nº 10.973/04, conhecida como Lei da Inovação, o Brasil estabeleceuseu primeiro grande marco legal nesta área, o qual contribuiu para a melhoria de indicadores no setor, promoveu maior interação entre Instituições Científicas e Tecnológicas (ICT) e o segmento produtivo e serviu de parâmetro para criação de leis estaduais de inovação, como a Lei nº 7.117/2009, do Estado de Alagoas. No entanto, percebeu-se que mesmo com estes avanços, havia pontos de entrave e falta de sincronismo com outras leis. Assim, foi promulgada em 2016 a Lei nº 13.243/16, intitulada Novo Marco de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (NMCT&amp;I), objetivando suprir as necessidades da lei anterior, reformulando legislações e flexibilizando processos inovativos. Nesse contexto, este trabalho traça um paralelo entre o NMCT&amp;I e a Lei de Inovação do Estado de Alagoas, apresentando os principais itens que necessitam de adequação nesta última.</p>

The high rate of staff turnover has caused concern in the industrial sector, not only for the loss of labor, but also because it directly implies the capacity for innovation, which is essential for the development of companies in a globalized market. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the relationship between human resource turnover, known as Turnover, and innovation in the Sergipe food industry. A documentary search was carried out in the RAIS, CAGED databases to verify the turnover rate of the industries and a mapping of the patent deposits in the databases of the National Institute of Industrial Property, European Patent Office and World Intellectual Property Organization. When analyzing the average remuneration of the workers, it is noticed that the mineral extractive sector has the highest average remuneration of the state, so it was made the comparison with the food sector, when calculating the turnover rate of both sectors, it was verified that the food industry has a higher than extractive turnover rate. In addition, the Mineral Extractive Industry has a greater number of patent deposits compared to the Food Industry. In this way, it is understood that there is a relation between the turnover rate and the innovation of the sectors, since the Mining Extractive Industry, since it is a sector with higher qualified personnel and with a lower turnover rate, presented a larger quantity of patent deposits in comparison with the Food Industry which presented a higher rate of turnover.