Cell atlases are essential companions to the genome as they elucidate how genes are used in a cell type–specific manner or how the usage of genes changes over the lifetime of an organism. This review explores recent advances in whole-organism single-cell atlases, which enable understanding of cell heterogeneity and tissue and cell fate, both in health and disease. Here we provide an overview of recent efforts to build cell atlases across species and discuss the challenges that the field is currently facing. Moreover, we propose the concept of having a knowledgebase that can scale with the number of experiments and computational approaches and a new feedback loop for development and benchmarking of computational methods that includes contributions from the users. These two aspects are key for community efforts in single-cell biology that will help produce a comprehensive annotated map of cell types and states with unparalleled resolution. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science, Volume 4 is July 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

The present work focused on the development of an aero-structural design framework for a high-power horizontal axis wind turbine. To achieve this, it was necessary to carefully characterize the blade, to develop a suitable fluid-structure interaction solver and, finally, to combine both with post-processing tools. A fluid-structure interaction solver was developed for OpenFOAM, dedicated to simulate wind turbine rotors. The fluid-structure coupling was achieved through a loose coupling strategy, which means that there are separated solvers for the flow and structure analysis, which are combined through the update of boundary conditions. To simulate the blades rotation movement, an approach based on the single rotating frame method was used, meaning that the whole domain rotated with the turbine rotor with a constant angular velocity. The simulations of the rotor produced valid and interesting results namely, correct flow fields and pressure distributions. Considering that it is expected horizontal axis wind turbine rotors to continue growing to even larger sizes than the one modeled, it was shown that blade displacements due to flow induced forces are definitely a problem that needs to be taken into account when designing new wind turbine blades.